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金属有机框架化合物在非均相催化反应中的应用
Metal-Organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Catalysis
金属有机框架化合物(metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)是近年来出现的一种新型无机材料,不仅具有非常高的表面积和孔隙率,而且材料的框架结构丰富、可控,可用于气体吸附、生物医学以及磁性材料等,应用前景广阔。特别是MOFs在非均相催化反应中的应用更是吸引了大批学者的注意,研究发展非常迅速,已取得了许多成果。本文首先介绍了MOFs作为催化剂所具有的独特优点,实际应用中可能存在的问题,以及相应的解决方案;其次基于MOFs的三个结构要素系统总结了目前MOFs在非均相催化反应中的探索和应用;最后讨论了MOFs在非均相催化研究中需要重视的问题,以期为MOFs在非均相催化反应中的应用研究提供参考。
In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a new type of inorganic materials have been discovered. Because of their high surface area and porosity, various and controllable frameworks, they have been extensively used in gas sorption, biomedicine, magnetic field and so on. Particularly, the application of MOFs as heterogeneous catalysts has attracted more attention and many achievements have been gained. In this review, the unique advantages of MOFs catalysts, the possible problems in practical applications and the corresponding solutions are firstly introduced. And then, we summarize the exploration and application of MOFs in catalytic reactions based on their three structural elements such as metal vertex, organic ligand and pore system. Examples of the catalytic reactions are followed. At last, the problems need to be focused and prospective directions on MOFs catalysts are discussed. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Classification of MOFs catalysts and its application
2.1 MOFs with metal active sites
2.2 MOFs with reactive functional groups
2.3 MOFs as supporters or nanometric reactors
3 Conclusion and outlook
metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)
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