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金属-有机骨架复合材料
Metal-Organic Framework Composites
金属-有机骨架(metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)是一种新型的有机-无机杂化材料,因具有易于制备、比表面积大、孔隙度高、结构多样性及孔道表面可修饰等特点而广泛应用于气体存储、催化、传感、分离以及生物医学等领域。然而,由于MOFs机械强度低,固体呈粉末状等缺陷,使其在某些领域中的应用受到一定限制。由基体和增强体组成的MOFs复合材料因具有原组成材料的综合性能而成为融合MOFs优点并弥补其缺陷的一种新型材料。本文综述近年来MOFs复合材料的研究进展,与MOFs复合的基体或增强体包括聚合物整体、微球、纤维、金属、磁性纳米粒子、氧化石墨、碳纳米管、量子点、光子晶体以及MOFs,并对其今后的发展进行了展望。
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of organic-inorganic hybrids, have attracted tremendous attention and intriguing potential applications in gas storage, catalysis, sensing, separation and biomedical research because of their large surface area, high adsorption affinity, diverse structures and pore topologies, accessible functionalization of tunnels. However, the low mechanical stability and fine powder of MOFs obtained from traditional MOFs synthesis reactions (e.g. solvothermal methods) are not necessarily the best configuration for the applications outlined above. As a developing research area, metal-organic framework composites (MOF composites) can overcome the drawbacks of MOFs and give improved properties. MOF composites, composed by continuous phase (or matrix) and dispersed phase (or enhancesome), combine the excellent properties of MOFs and balance the shortcomings. In this review, recent advances in MOF composites are highlighted. The continuous phase or dispersed phase combined with MOFs include polymer monoliths, beads, fibers, metal, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), graphite oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), quantum dots (QDs), photonic crystals (PCs) and MOFs. MOF composed polymer monoliths, beads and fibers are hybrid materials with the advantages of high mechanical stability, high second surface area, simple and low-cost preparation. Combination of MNPs with MOFs has a great potential application in preparation and separation due to the high speed and compatibility of magnetic separation. Composites derived from MOFs with GO or CNTs give new properties, such as electrical conductivity. The combination of luminescent QDs and the controlled porosity of MOFs can provide molecular sensors at a molecular level. Hybrids of MOFs and MOFs offer heterogeneous structures containing bimodal pore networks. Besides, an outlook for future development in the filed of MOF composites is given. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Classification of metal-organic framework composites
2.1 Metal-organic framework@polymer
2.2 Metal-organic framework@bead
2.3 Metal-organic framework@fiber
2.4 Metal-organic framework@metal
2.5 Metal-organic framework@magnetic nanopar-ticles
2.6 Metal-organic framework@SiO2/Al2O3
2.7 Metal-organic framework@graphite oxide
2.8 Metal-organic framework@carbon nanotube
2.9 Metal-organic framework@quantum dot
2.10 Metal-organic framework@photonic crystal
2.11 Metal-organic framework@metal-organic fram-ework
3 Conclusion and outlook
金属-有机骨架(MOFs)
metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)
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