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离子液体在蛋白质萃取分离中的应用
Ionic Liquids in Extraction/Separation of Proteins
离子液体具有独特的物化性质如热稳定性好、不挥发、不易燃和良好的生物兼容性,近年来作为传统有机溶剂的替代物在有机合成、电化学、催化和萃取分离等领域得到了广泛应用。本文简要综述了以离子液体为媒介的萃取体系在蛋白质分离富集和分析中的相关研究和应用进展,包括辅助萃取体系、直接萃取体系、双水相萃取体系、微乳萃取体系、结晶体系和基于离子液体的固相萃取体系等。
As a group of organic salts consisting entirely of ions (anions and cations), ionic liquids (ILs) have shown great promises as a potential alternative to conventional volatile toxic organic solvents due to their unique and attractive properties including negligible vapor pressure, nonflammability, high chemical/thermal stability, low toxicity and favorable conductivity. These attractive features of ILs have made them as popular candidates in the wide applications of various fields including organic synthesis, extraction/separation, electrochemical analysis, catalysis and chemical sensors. Protein assay has long been a crucial issue in bio-sciences and other related fields. In this respect, the applications of ionic liquids to perform protein assays, including protein stability/activity investigations, protein extraction and isolation/purification, protein crystallization, separation of protein species and their detections, have received increasing attentions in the past few years. This can be attributed to the fact that ionic liquids provides a novel and highly efficient reaction medium, but meanwhile, they also serve as efficient participants in the various chemical/biological reaction processes. The recent applications of ionic liquid-based extraction systems in protein separations and assays are depicted in the present mini-review, including protein extraction in the presence of assistant extractants, direct extraction, aqueous two-phase extraction systems, emulsion extraction systems, crystallization of proteins in the presence of ionic liquids and ionic liquid-based solid-phase extraction systems. Contents
1 Introduction
2 IL-based extraction system in protein separation and assays
2.1 Assistant extraction system
2.2 Direct extraction system
2.3 Aqueous two-phase extraction system
2.4 Emulsion extraction system
2.5 Protein crystallization in the presence of ionic liquids
2.6 IL-based solid-phase extraction system
3 Conclusions and perspectives
ionic liquids
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