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手性季鏻盐相转移催化剂在不对称反应中的应用
Chiral Quaternary Phosphonium Salts in Asymmetric Catalysis
手性相转移催化是不对称催化领域的重要分支之一,扮演着越来越重要的角色。本论文综述了几类新型手性季鏻盐催化剂的设计合成,及其在催化不对称Henry反应、不对称氢磷酰化反应、不对称烷基化反应、不对称Michael加成反应、不对称Mannich反应、不对称aldol反应、不对称质子化反应及不对称胺化反应中的催化活性和对映选择性,重点介绍了不同催化剂和反应底物之间立体效应和电子效应的影响,并对手性季鏻盐催化剂的发展进行了展望。
Chiral phase-tranfer catalysis plays an important role in modern asymmetric synthesis and organic synthesis chemistry. This review focuses on the progress of chiral quaternary phosphonium salts as phase-transfer catalysts reported in recent years, and their application in asymmetric catalytic reactions, including Henry reaction, hydrophosphonylation reaction, alkylation reaction, Michael addition reaction, Mannich reaction, aldol reaction, protonation reaction and amination reaction. Steric and electrical effects of these catalysts are emphasized, future prospects for development of chiral quaternary phosphonium salts are also described in this article. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Early works
3 Chiral P-spiro tetraaminophosphonium salts and diaminodioxaphosphonium salts
3.1 Asymmetric Henry reaction
3.2 Asymmetric hydrophosphonylation reaction
3.3 Asymmetric alkylation reaction
3.4 Asymmetric Michael addition reaction
3.5 Asymmetric Mannich reaction
3.6 Asymmetric aldol reaction
3.7 Asymmetric protonation reaction
4 Chiral tetraalkylphosphonium salts
4.1 Asymmetric amination reaction of β-keto esters and benzofuranones
4.2 Asymmetric Michael addition reaction of 3-aryloxindoles
4.3 Asymmetric Mannich reaction of 3-aryloxindoles
5 Conclusion and outlook
chiral phase-tranfer catalysis
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