双核过渡金属络合物引发氮分子活化研究

马雪璐; 雷鸣

doi:10.7536/PC121211

化学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (08) :1325-1333 DOI: 10.7536/PC121211

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双核过渡金属络合物引发氮分子活化研究

马雪璐, 雷鸣*

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Dinitrogen Fixation Activated by Binuclear Transition-Metal Complexes

Ma Xuelu, Lei Ming*

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摘要

将自然界资源丰富但化学性质上极其惰性的氮气分子在温和条件下转化为氨及其他含氮化合物,具有非常重要的意义。过渡金属络合物引发氮分子的活化及官能化已成为现代工业固氮的一大研究热点。本文回顾了氮分子与双核过渡金属络合物结合的键型模式,总结了影响氮分子活化的诸多因素如配体调变效应、金属调变效应等,对双核过渡金属络合物引发的双氮裂解、双氮官能化及CO/CO₂协助双氮活化官能化等反应的实验与理论研究现状和进展进行了简要综述,并对未来过渡金属络合物在氮分子固定的应用发展作了展望。

Abstract

Dinitrogen fixation activated by organometallic complexes under mild conditions is one of hot fields in modern industry, which try to convert abound but quite inert dinitrogen into ammonia or other nitrogenous compounds. In this review, coordination modes of N₂ molecule with transition-metal complexes are classified, and the main factors such as steric effect and electronic effect on the dinitrogen activation and functionalization promoted by dinuclear transition-metal complexes are surveyed. This review attempts to summarize recent experimental and theoretical studies concerning the reactivity patterns of dinitrogen with binuclear transition-metal complexes in the dinitrogen cleavage and functionalization as well as the CO/CO₂ induced N₂ activation. The prospects of dinitrogen fixation activated by transition-metal complexes is presented, which is hoped to assist chemists in guiding research in the future. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Bonding modes of dinitrogen with transition-metal complexes
3 Factors influencing dinitrogen activation
4 Reactivity of dinitrogen complexes
4.1 Dinitrogen cleavage
4.2 Dinitrogen functionalization
4.3 CO/CO₂ induced dintrogen activation
5 Outlook

关键词

过渡金属络合物 / 固氮 / 氮分子活化 / 官能化 / CO/CO₂协助活化

Key words

transition-metal complexes / nitrogen fixation / dinitrogen cleavage / functionalization / CO/CO₂ induced dinitrogen activation

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马雪璐, 雷鸣. 双核过渡金属络合物引发氮分子活化研究[J]. 化学进展, 2013, 25(08): 1325-1333 DOI:10.7536/PC121211

Ma Xuelu, Lei Ming. Dinitrogen Fixation Activated by Binuclear Transition-Metal Complexes[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2013, 25(08): 1325-1333 DOI:10.7536/PC121211

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Received	Published	Revised
2012-12-01	2013-08-25	2013-01-01
Online Date
2013-06-13

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