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中国癌症流行病学与防治研究现状
Cancer Epidemiology and Control in China：State of the Art
癌症是影响我国居民健康的主要慢性病之一,列城市死因的第一位,农村死因的第二位。本文对我国近几十年来癌症的流行状况、发病负担进行了概述。结果显示由于我国老龄人口的增加,消化道癌症发病负担依然严重,而与环境和生活方式密切相关的癌症如肺癌、乳腺癌等近年来显著增加。预计在未来几十年内,我国癌症发病率和死亡率将整体继续呈上升趋势。沉重的癌症负担需要采用综合化的防治策略来解决。本文阐述了我国的癌症防治政策、体系建设和癌症数据监测情况,介绍了近几十年来在我国癌症高发现场开展病因学预防及早诊早治工作的历史经验,概述了全国范围内癌症防控现状,为今后癌症防治工作提供参考。
Cancer has been a major challenge for public health in China. It ranks first among all causes of death in urban areas, and second in rural areas. This paper present the latest cancer statistics of China. The incident number of gastrointestinal cancers is still high and the burden of lung cancer and breast cancer are increasing. The trend indicates that the overall cancer burden would still be severe with the rapid development of China and aging population. Addressing this challenge requires comprehensive and multidisciplinary approaches. The current status of cancer control polices, structures, and cancer registration in China are described. National cancer control plans has been carried out by Ministry of Health since 1986. National program of cancer registry has been set up. In 2012, the number of population-based cancer registries has expanded to 222, covering populations with 200 millions. In areas with high risk of cancer, they have held systematic programs of cancer control. Many places such as Linzhou and Cixian have shown a down-trend of cancer incidence and mortality. The successful experiences in areas of high risk of cancer also promote the nationwide cancer campaign. The prevention programs include tobacco control, immunization against hepatitis B for infants and children, and cancer early detection and diagnosis. This paper provides considerable scope and motivation for future work on cancer control and prevention.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Cancer statistics
3 The current status of cancer prevention and control
3.1 Strategies and policies for cancer control and prevention
3.2 Systematic construction for cancer related agencies
3.3 Cancer registry and surveillance
3.4 Experiences of cancer control in areas with high risk of cancer
3.5 Nationwide cancer control programs
4 Conclusion and outlook
cancer
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