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锂硫电池最新研究进展
Research Progress in Lithium Sulfur Battery
锂硫电池的理论能量密度为2600 Wh/kg,是锂离子二次电池的3—5倍,是极具应用前景的电化学储能体系,近年来引起了研究人员的广泛关注。人们在维持电极结构稳定性、提高硫的利用率和加强电池循环寿命等方面开展了大量的研究工作。本文综述了锂硫电池的最新研究进展,从硫正极材料复合改性、不同种类电解质、锂负极保护、电池结构设计等4个方面进行了总结,分析了影响锂硫电池比容量、循环稳定性的主要因素,最后展望了锂硫电池未来的发展趋势。
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising electrochemical energy storage system that has high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh·kg-1, which is 3 to 5 times that of Li-ion batteries. It has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. Great efforts have been made to improve the stability of electrode structure, the utilization efficiency of sulfur in the cathode and the enhancement of cycle life of the battery. In this paper, the recent progress of the lithium-sulfur battery is reviewed from four aspects: modification of sulfur-based composite cathode material, electrolytes, protection of lithium anode and design of lithium-sulfur cell configurations. The main factors on the specific capacity and cycle stability of the lithium-sulfur battery are analyzed. The prospects and development trends on lithium-sulfur battery are also discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Lithium sulfur battery system
3 Cathode materials of lithium sulfur battery
3.1 Metal sulfides
3.2 Organic sulfides
3.3 Sulfur /metallic oxide composite materials
3.4 Sulfur / carbon composite materials
3.5 Sulfur / polymer composite materials
3.6 Other cathode materials
4 Electrolytes
4.1 Organic liquid electrolytes
4.2 All solid sate electrolytes
4.3 Gel polymer electrolyte
4.4 Ionic liquids
5 Lithium anode protection
5.1 Coating method
5.2 Electrolyte additive
5.3 Lithium alloy
5.4 Pre-passivation of lithium
6 Li-S cell configuration
7 Conclusion and outlook
锂硫电池
lithium-sulfur battery
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