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中温质子交换膜燃料电池高质子传导率磺化芳香族聚合物膜
漆志刚, 宫琛亮*, 梁宇, 李辉, 张树江, 李彦锋*
化学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12) :2103-2111
中温质子交换膜燃料电池高质子传导率磺化芳香族聚合物膜
漆志刚, 宫琛亮*, 梁宇, 李辉, 张树江, 李彦锋*
化学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12) :2103-2111
中温质子交换膜燃料电池高质子传导率磺化芳香族聚合物膜
Highly Proton-Conductive Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers for Medium-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
磺化的芳香类聚合物由于具有良好的耐热性能、化学稳定性、机械性能、加工性能以及较低的燃料渗透性而受到燃料电池质子交换膜领域广泛的关注。然而，与已经应用的Nafion膜相比，大部分磺化的无规离聚物的质子传导率仍然比较低。通过设计聚合物的结构可以提高质子交换膜在高温及低相对湿度（RH）下的质子传导性能。本文分别从磺化嵌段共聚物、侧链型磺化聚合物、局部磺酸基稠密的聚合物三方面综述了磺化芳香类聚合物膜的设计、合成及相关质子传导率之间的关系。同时，为进一步提高膜的质子传导率及其他性能，对制备掺杂无机质子导体或酸化的无机颗粒的复合质子交换膜进行了概述。
Sulfonated aromatic polymers have attracted lots of attention owning to their high thermal and chemical stability, excellent mechanical strength, low fuel permeability and easy manufacturing. For these reasons, sulfonated aromatic proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have been recognized as promising electrolyte materials. However, proton conduction in the majority of randomly sulfonated ionomers is too low as compared with Nafion (DupontTM) which have been currently widely used. Redesign of the polymer chemical structure is demanded for improving the properties of ionomers at elevated temperatures and reduced relative humidity (RH). This paper embarks from sulfonated aromatic block copolymers, grafted sulfonated aromatic copolymers and locally and densely sulfonated aromatic copolymers, and reviews the relationship between the structure and proton conductivities of sulfonated aromatic polymers. Meanwhile, in order to improve the proton conductivities and other properties, inorganic proton conductors or acidic inorganic materials are doped into membranes to prepare composite membranes.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Morphological phase-separation of PEMs
2.1 Sulfonated aromatic block copolymers
2.2 Pendant sulfonic acid of aromatic copolymers
2.3 Locally and densely sulfonated aromatic copolymers
3 Organic-inorganic composite PEMs
3.1 PEMs composited with inorganic solid proton conductor
3.2 PEMs doped with acidified inorganic particles
4 Conclusions and outlook
中温燃料电池
medium-temperature fuel cells
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