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介孔二氧化钛功能纳米材料的合成与应用
Synthesis and Applications of Mesoporous TiO2 Functional Nanomaterials
本文系统概括了介孔TiO2纳米材料的制备方法、形貌、掺杂及其应用。介孔TiO2纳米材料的制备方法一般包括水热法、溶剂热法、模板法、溶胶-凝胶法以及自组装法等。不同的合成方法可以得到不同形貌的介孔TiO2纳米材料，其中最常见的形貌有介孔球、纳米管、纳米线、纳米片以及由二维结构组装而成的三维介孔微球等结构。同时本文还系统阐明了不同形貌的介孔TiO2纳米材料在实际生产中的应用。空心的TiO2介孔球可广泛应用于微反应器；具有有序结构的TiO2纳米管材料能有效的缩短光程，被广泛应用于太阳能电池；具有较高的结晶性和大比表面积的介孔TiO2材料在光降解有机染料方面有很好的应用。本文基于介孔TiO2的合成方法对其生长形貌与结构性能的影响，综述了介孔TiO2纳米材料的最新制备方法与应用研究进展，并展望了其应用前景。
In this review, the prepared methods, morphologies, dopant and applications of mesoporous TiO2 nanomaterials are summarized. The synthetic methods of the mesoporous TiO2 nanomaterials include hydrothermal method, solvothermal method, template method, sol-gel method, self-assembly method and so on. Mesoporous TiO2 functional nanomaterials with various morphologies including mesoporous microspheres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanosheet and three-dimensional mesoporous microspheres composed of the assembly of the two-dimensional structure, etc. could be achieved via different preparation methods. At the same time, the mesoporous TiO2 with various morphologies are widely used in many fields. The mesoporous TiO2 microspheres with hollow structure can be used as microreactor, and the TiO2 nanotubes with ordered structure can be applied to solar cell for the shorter transmission distance than the disordered structure. The mesoporous TiO2 will be capable of dealing with the photodegradation of the organic dye due to the mesoporous TiO2 with excellent crystallization as well as high specific surface area. The applications of the mesoporous TiO2 in photocatalysis, solar cell, lithium ion battery, and sewage treatment are given in this review. Meanwhile, research advances in synthetic methods and applications of the mesoporous TiO2 nanomaterials are summarized owing to the performance of the mesoporous TiO2 depending on their synthetic conditions. Furthermore, the applications of mesoporous TiO2 nanomaterials in the future are prospected.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of the mesoporoous TiO2
2.1 Hydrothermal method
2.2 Template method
2.3 Solvothermal method
2.4 Sol-gel method
2.5 Chemical deposition method
2.6 Sacrificial template method
3 Dopant of the mesoporous TiO2
3.1 Non-metal doping
3.2 Metal doping
3.3 Codope
4 Application of the mesoporous TiO2
4.1 Photocatalyst
4.2 Solar cell
4.3 Lithium ion battery
4.4 Ionic adsorption
5 Conclusion and outlook
TiO2
TiO2
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