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氮化碳聚合物半导体光催化
Carbon Nitride Polymeric Semiconductor for Photocatalysis
半导体光催化技术通过太阳光驱动一系列重要的化学反应，将低密度的太阳能转化为高密度的化学能或直接降解和矿化有机污染物，在解决能源短缺和环境污染等问题方面具有重要的应用前景。最近，聚合物半导体石墨相氮化碳（g-C3N4），由于优异的化学稳定性和独特的电子能带结构，被作为一种廉价、稳定、不含金属组分的可见光光催化剂广泛应用于太阳能的光催化转化，如光解水产氢产氧、有机选择性光合成和有机污染物的降解等，引起人们的关注。本文将围绕g-C3N4光催化剂的改性研究，综述国内外近年来在g-C3N4光催化领域所取得一些重要进展，比如理论研究g-C3N4的组成结构及化学性质、金属/非金属掺杂调控g-C3N4的半导体能带结构、软/硬模板法优化g-C3N4的纳米结构、表面化学修饰改进g-C3N4的表面反应动力学过程及半导体复合提高光生载流子的分离效率等。最后，本文还对g-C3N4光催化的未来发展趋势进行展望。
Semiconductor photocatalysis via sunlight-driven photoredox reactions to directly convert solar energy into chemical energy or to mineralize organic pollutants, is regarded as a long-term solution to address the global energy and environmental problems. Recently, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a polymeric semiconductor has been widely used as a low-cost, stable and metal-free visible-light-active photocatalyst in the sustainable utilization of solar energy, such as water splitting, organic photosynthesis and environmental remediation. This has attracted worldwide attention from energy and environmental relative fields. In this review, some recent advances in g-C3N4 photocatalysis are present, including the theoretical research of chemical structure and features of g-C3N4, metal/non-mental doping of g-C3N4 to adjust the semiconductive electronic band structure, soft/hard templates assisted the synthesis of g-C3N4 nanoarchictures, surface modification of g-C3N4 to overcome the high kinetic barrier for water reduction/oxidation, and as well as the construction of g-C3N4 based heterojunctions and composite photocatalysts to promote the separation of energy-wasteful charge recombination. The prospects for the development of highly efficient g-C3N4 based photocatalysts are also discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Mechanism study of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
2.1 Semiconductive band structure of g-C3N4
2.2 Photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4
3 Development of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.1 Theoretical calculation of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.2 Synthesis optimization of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.3 Nanostructuring g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.4 Synthesis of g-C3N4 photocatalyst by copolymeri-zation
3.5 Semiconductor doping of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.6 Surface modification of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.7 Sensitization of g-C3N4 photocatalyst
3.8 g-C3N4 based composite photocatalysts
4 Conclusion and outlook
solar energy
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