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预处理技术在生物质热化学转化中的应用
Applications of Pretreatment in Biomass Thermo-Chemical Conversion Technology
随着化石燃料的不断消耗和气候的变化，生物质能作为一种可再生能源越来越受到关注。生物质可以通过生物法和热化学法转化成有用的燃料，热化学转化技术因其可以将生物质高效地转化生成气体、液体和固体燃料使其占有主导地位。对生物质进行预处理可以改变其物理化学特性，并且这些改变影响着后期热化学转化生物质产品的品质和收率。本文综述了生物质预处理技术在热化学转化技术方面的应用进展。对生物质进行烘焙预处理改变其可磨性，疏水性。生物质热裂解之前对原料进行脱灰分减少了生物质中的灰分，改变了生物质热裂解液化的产品分布。预处理液化相对直接高压液化生物油收率大大提高，同时最优化反应温度也大大降低。
With the increasing consumption of fossil fuels and the growing concerns about climate change, biomass is drawing increasing attention as a renewable energy source due to its advantages of renewal and abundance. Biomass can be converted into energy using bio-chemical and thermo-chemical processes, but the thermo-chemical conversion technology finds its dominance because of high efficient conversion to gas, liquid and solid products under thermal conditions. Biomass pretreatment can alter the physical features and chemical composition/structure of lignocellulosic materials. The pretreatment step has a significant influence on the quality and yield of products obtained from thermo-chemical conversion biomass. In this review, we discuss the applications of various pretreatment methods in the biomass thermo-chemical conversion, including torrefaction and gasification, pretreatment and biomass pyrolysis, pretreatment and biomass liquefaction. Torrefaction improves the hydrophobicity and grindability characteristics of biomass materials. Water or acid washing pretreatment can remove metal ions from biomass and the change in products distribution during the biomass pyrolysis is more obvious. Biomass pretreatment and liquefaction can increase the bio-oil yield and decrease the optimum reaction temperature compared to the untreated biomass liquefaction experiments.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Main methods of biomass pretreatment
3 Pretreatment and thermo-chemical conversion biomass
3.1 Torrefaction and biomass gasification
3.2 Pretreatment and biomass pyrolysis
3.3 Pretreatment and biomass liquefaction
4 Conclusion and outlook
pretreatment
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