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适用小分子化合物MALDI分析的基质研究
Matrixes for Small Molecule Analysis Based on MALDI-MS
基质辅助激光解吸电离技术（matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization，MALDI）是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种应用于质谱分析的电离化技术。MALDI技术在生物大分子的分析和检测方面获得了良好的应用。由于受有机基质分子的干扰，MALDI在小分子化合物分析方面的应用受到很大的限制。近年来为解决这一问题，一些用于MALDI分析的新型材料被设计和开发出来。这些新型材料主要包括：碳、硅、纳米金属等无机材料和新型有机分子等。除此之外，在传统基质中添加表面活性剂和对分析物衍生化等方法也被成功应用于小分子化合物的MALDI质谱分析中。本文对这些可应用于小分子化合物分析的新型MALDI基质进行了综述和展望。
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI) is one of the most famous ionization methods in mass spectrometry developed in 1980s, and it has been widely applied in the analysis and detection of biological molecules. However,due to the interference from traditional organic matrix in low molar weight region, the application of MALDI in the analysis of low molecular weight samples is very limited. In order to solve the problem,new matrixes including inorganic materials based on carbon,silicon, nano-sized metal particles and some designed organic compounds for the analysis of low molecular weight compounds are investigated. These materials avoid the interference from matrix in the low mass region, and improve the ionization efficiency. In addition, the adding of surfactant to traditional organic matrixes and derivatization of analytes are also efficient methods to analyze low molecular weight compounds. This paper reviews the research progress of these new matrixes and their application in this research field. The tendency of the development of these matrixes and their application are further prospected and discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Inorganic materials
2.1 Silicon
2.2 Carbon
2.3 Metal or metal oxides
3 Organic molecules
3.1 Designed organic compunds
3.2 High molecular weight organic compounds
4 Ionic liquid
5 Other methods
5.1 Suppression of matrix-related ion
5.2 Derivatization of analyte
5.3 Sol-gels
6 Perspective
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization(MALDI)
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