抗肿瘤疫苗的研究进展
Research Progress of Anti-Cancer Vaccine
长期以来,肿瘤和免疫学治疗癌症的目标是激活免疫系统。在经历了几十年的失望之后,最近在临床试验中找到了循证医学方面的证据,癌症治疗的高潮终于到来。最值得一提的是抗 CTLA4 抗体(即ipilimumab),可成功地大幅度增加那些常规治疗失败的转移性黑色素瘤患者的生存时间。本文回顾了免疫耐受、免疫功能和免疫抑制在调节抗肿瘤免疫应答中的作用,介绍了新近出现的靶向治疗的研究,并指出免疫疗法为在癌症患者体内获得持久免疫反应开启了一条新途径。
Activating the immune system for therapeutic benefit in cancer has long been a goal in immunology and oncology. After decades of disappointment, the tide has finally changed due to the success of recent proof-of-concept clinical trials. Most notable is the ability of the anti-CTLA4 antibody, ipilimumab, to achieve a significant increase in survival for patients with metastatic melanoma, for which conventional therapies have failed. In the context of advances in the understanding of how tolerance, immunity and immunosuppression regulate antitumour immune responses together with the advent of targeted therapies, these successes suggest that active immunotherapy represents a path to obtain a durable and long-lasting response in cancer patients.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Cancer vaccines are finally showing early signals of activity
3 An efficacious cell-based vaccine for prostate cancer
4 Combination immunotherapy
5 Recalling the use of vaccines
6 Perspective
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