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纤维素类手性色谱固定相的制备及其应用
Progress in Preparation and Applications of Cellulose Derivatives-Based Chiral Stationary Phase
对映体的分离、分析及检测是目前医药与生化领域研究的热点之一。使用手性固定相并通过高效液相色谱直接拆分手性消旋体是现行单一对映体获取最直接且有效的手段之一，其中长链多糖类化合物如纤维素衍生物具有较强的手性识别能力，以此作为手性识别体的手性色谱固定相占有广阔的市场。本文对现有纤维素类手性色谱固定相的制备方法加以分类，评述了近年来该类别涂敷型、键合型及杂化型手性固定相的制备新方法，总结了采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱技术、X射线衍射、固体核磁、密度泛函理论模拟等手段研究其手性识别机理的研究进展，综述了其在制备型超临界流体色谱和模拟移动床色谱中的应用情况。今后，对纤维素手性固定相的研究将主要集中在改善手性识别性能、提高样品处理能力以及降低溶剂消耗等方面，因此新型手性识别体的开发和负载方式的优化革新将是新一代手性固定相的研究关键，同时，应用领域的拓宽也将是其重要的发展方向之一。
Preparation of optically pure isomers and determination of the enantiomeric excess of chiral racemates are becoming increasingly important. Nowadays, many top selling drugs around the world have been administrated as single enantiomer with its desired physiological effect. Direct enantioseparation using chiral stationary phases (CSPs) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has signicantly evolved during the past few decades and has been recognized as the most popular and reliable tool for both analysis and preparation purposes.This paper reviewed the recent progress and breakthroughs made on the preparation of CSPs based on cellulose derivatives as selector. The new approaches for preparing the coated-type, bonded-type and hybrid-type CSPs are specifically discussed and evaluated. Many attempts to clarify the chiral recognition mechanism of cellulose derivatives-based CSPs on liquid chromatography have been carried out by NMR spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, X-ray analysis and DFT etc. Apart from HPLC, the polysaccharide-based CSPs have also been used for simulated moving bed (SMB) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), which are well-established techniques and becoming potential alternative for production of single enantiomer drugs. The applications performed by SFC and SMB are also summarized, and the purities, productivities and solvent consumptions are specifically displayed.Moreover, future prospects on design of new chiral selectors and optimization of supporting medium of CSPs based on cellulose derivatives are presented.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Classification and preparation methods
2.1 Coated-type CSPs
2.2 Bonded-type CSPs
2.3 Organic-inorganic hybrid CSPs
3 Chiral discrimination mechanism
4 Application
5 Outlook
纤维素衍生物
cellulose derivatives
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