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有机硅在抗菌整理剂中的应用
Organosilicon in Antimicrobial Agent
有机硅作为最常用的织物后整理剂之一，能赋予织物柔滑弹挺等多种功能。近年来，由于高致病菌的滋生蔓延，织物的抗菌整理受到广泛关注，抗菌整理剂也被认为是最有前途的整理剂之一。本文介绍了有机硅季铵盐、有机硅卤胺以及纳米金属杂化有机硅等抗菌整理剂的制备方法、抗菌效果和应用范围。从三个方面简单讨论了抗菌整理剂的作用机制，即作用于微生物细胞壁、细胞膜，以及破坏或抑制微生物核酸和蛋白质的生物合成。最后，在分析抗菌整理剂现状的基础上，提出了理想抗菌整理剂应具备的特征，并对抗菌整理剂的开发和应用前景进行展望。
Organosilicon, as one of the most popular softeners in the textile industry, not only can impart unique softness, smoothness, elasticity and silk-and cotton-like hands to treated fabrics, but also confer the fabrics with a perfect drape, anti-wrinkle, wettability and breathability. In recent years, with the widespread of highly pathogenic microorganism and viruses, people pay more and more attention to the antibacterial finishing of fabric. Moreover,the antibacterial finishing agent is also thought to be one of the most promising finishing agent. So a large number of organosilicon antimicrobial agents were prepared though chemical grafting or physical blending of the microbicides and organic silicon. Relevant researches have been becoming active and some important achievements have been made. The review systematically summarized the recent advances in the synthesis and antimicrobial effect of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salts, N-halamine compounds, organosilicon with antimicrobial inorganic materials and so on. What is more, the mechanism of organosilicon antimicrobial agents is briefly introduced in three aspects: targeting on microbial cell wall, cell membranes, restraining biosynthesis of protein and nucleic acid. Finally, based on the analysis of the present situation of antibacterial finishing agent, the ideal characteristics of antibacterial finishing agent come forward. Besides, the development and application prospect of antibacterial finishing agent are discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 The classification of organosilicon antimicrobial agent(OSAA)
2.1 Organosilicon quaternary ammonium salts
2.2 Regenerable N-halamine compounds
2.3 Organosilicon with antimicrobial inorganic materials
2.4 Others
3 The Mechanism of OSAA
3.1 The OSAA target cell wall synthesis
3.2 The OSAA target cell membrane synthesis
3.3 The OSAA inhibit or interfere with microbial nucleic acid and protein synthesis
4 Prospect
organosilicon
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