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超分子凝胶的手性功能应用：手性分子识别与不对称催化
Function and Application of Supramolecular Gels：Chiral Molecular Recognition and Asymmetric Catalysis
超分子凝胶通过形成三维空间网络结构将溶剂液体相固定化，是一类重要的软物质材料。由于超分子凝胶能快速形成，自组装形成的纳米结构均一、可调，且可大规模制备，因此成为超分子化学、纳米技术以及材料科学研究的重要研究方向之一，并在诸多领域得到广泛的功能研究和应用拓展，如在材料模板、光电开关、药物释放、分子识别和超分子催化等方面已有大量研究报道。由于超分子凝胶具有固-液相可逆转变、可控组装等特性，成为了超分子手性和分子手性研究的重要载体。近年来超分子凝胶在超分子手性催化、手性分子识别等方面取得了一系列重要突破，为超分子凝胶功能应用开辟了新的空间，为手性科学研究提供了新的手段和方法。
Supramolecular gel is an important class of soft materials, in which the solvents are immobilized by the entangled three-dimensional network formed by gelator molecules via the various non-covalent interactions. Supramolecular gel can be quickly formed, self-assembled into uniform and adjustable nanostructure over a wide scale range. Thus the research of supramolecular gel is one of the important research directions among supramolecular chemistry, nanotechnology and materials science. The functional gels are applied widely in many fields, such as material templates, photoelectric switch, drug release, molecular recognition, supramolecular catalysis, etc. With solid-liquid phase transition, controlled self-assembly and other characteristics, the supramolecular gel has become an important vehicle of the reserch of supramolecular chirality and molecular chirality. In recent years, the supramolecular gel has been applied to supramolecular asymmetric catalysis and chiral molecular recognition. And a series of important breakthroughs have been achieved. The new functional application of supramolecular gels have been established, and supramolecular gels have become an important means and method for preparation of chiral nano-materials.The chiral supramolecular gels, as a kind of soft materials will have potential application in the field of asymmetric catalysis and chiral recognition. The supramolecular gels may provide a high density of recognition or catalytic sites and chiral microenvironment suitable for recognition and asymmetric reaction, thus, the study of asymmetric catalysis and enantioselective recognition in the supramolecular gels becomes a hot issue and has attracted more and more attention in recent years.In this paper,the application of supramolecular gels on asymmetric catalysis and chiral recognition are reviewed mainly.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Application of supramolecular gels in chiral molecular recognition
2.1 Chiral molecular recognition based on gel phenomenon
2.2 Chiral molecular recognition based on fluorescence spectra
2.3 Chiral molecular recognition based on supramolecular chiral characterization
3 Application of supramolecular gels in asymmetric catalysis
3.1 Self-assembly strategies for asymmetric organocatalysis
3.2 Asymmetric catalysis in supramolecular gels
4 Conclusion and outlook
supramolecular gels
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