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镁-过渡金属复合物正极材料
Development of Mg-Transition Metal Complex as Cathode Materials
高能量密度、大容量、高工作电压、低成本、环境友好的二次电池是未来储能电池技术的发展方向。高比能的镁离子电池（MIBs）是以镁或镁合金为负极的二次电池，是一种重要的有望用于电动汽车的新型绿色储能电池。镁离子电池发展缓慢的主要问题是镁离子在正极材料中扩散速度慢。因此，本文综述了五类晶体结构的镁-过渡金属复合物类型（包括一维隧道结构、二维层状结构、三维尖晶石结构、三维NASICON结构、三维橄榄石结构）、制备方法、电化学性能等，还阐述了镁离子在固体中扩散行为及提高扩散速度的措施，最后展望了镁离子电池正极材料镁-过渡金属复合物的重要研究方向。寻找高电压（大于3 V）、高比能量、高可逆性的正极材料和与其匹配的电解液是实现镁离子电池第三次突破的关键。我们希望本文有利于更深入地了解镁离子电池正极材料，促进镁离子电池的发展。
High energy density, high capacity, high work voltage, low cost, highly safe rechargeable battery is the future development directions of storage battery technology. High-energy density Mg ion battery (MIB) is rechargeable battery with Mg or Mg alloy as anode. Mg ion battery is the most promising and important new type of green storage battery applicable in electric vehicle. The slow diffusion of Mg ion in the cathode material is one reason for the slow development of Mg ion battery. Thus, in this paper, we review five types of crystal structured Mg-transition metal complex oxides with one-dimensional tunnel structure, two-dimensional layer structure, three-dimensional spinel structure, three-dimensional NASICON structure, three-dimensional olivine structure, the preparation method and the electrahemical properties. Further, we also illustrate the diffusion performance of Mg ion in the solid cathode and the measures to improve the slowness diffusion. Finally, we point out the possible research directions of Mg-transition metal complex as cathode materials for Mg ion batteries in the future. Searching for high-energy density, high-capacity, high-voltage cathode materials and the compatible electrolyte is the key to realizing the third breakthrough of the Mg ion battery. We hope that this paper is favorable for understanding the cathode materials of Mg ion battery, promoting the development of Mg ion battery.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 One-dimensional tunnel structure
3 Two-dimensional layer structure
3.1 Mg-Ni-O
3.2 Mg-Ti-O
3.3 Mg-V-O
4 Three-dimensional spinel structure
4.1 Mg-Mn-O
4.2 Mg-Co-O
4.3 Mg-Fe-O
5 Three-dimensional post-spinel structure
6 Three-dimensional NASICON structure
7 Three-dimensional olivine structure
7.1 Mg-Fe-P-O
7.2 Mg-V-P-O-F
7.3 Mg-Mn-Si-O
7.4 Mg-Fe-Si-O
7.5 Mg-Co-Si-O
7.6 Mg-Ni-Si-O
8 Mg diffusion in the solid cathode
9 Outlook
高能量密度
high-energy density
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