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不同取代位掺杂对Li4Ti5O12结构及性能的影响
Effects of Different Doping Sites on the Structure and Performance of Li4Ti5O12 Material
锂离子负极材料Li4Ti5O12具有资源与性能等方面的优势,正在成为新一代储能和动力领域的研究重点.本文综述了掺杂离子在晶格中所处的不同取代位置及本身性质对Li4Ti5O12结构和性能的影响.取代Li的位于四面体(8a)位置的掺杂元素阻碍锂离子的扩散;取代Li的位于八面体(16d)位置的掺杂元素会影响Li离子在晶格中的分布;取代Ti的位于八面体(16d)位置的掺杂元素会影响Li4Ti5O12的结构稳定性;取代O的位于八面体(32e)位置的掺杂元素会影响Li4Ti5O12的导电性.一定条件下在Li4Ti5O12中掺入高价态的元素取代Li+、Ti4+、O2-,均能提高Li4Ti5O12电子导电能力.掺杂元素各异的能带结构和氧化还原行为会影响Li4Ti5O12的电化学反应过程.掺杂元素的离子半径和最终能够进入晶格的数量会改变Li4Ti5O12的晶格常数和微观组织形貌.
Li4Ti5O12 has the advantages of resource, performance, and so on. Recently, Li4Ti5O12 anode material is becoming an important research direction in the field of energy storage and power battery. In this review, the effects of doping ions with the different doping sites in the crystal lattice and its intrinsic properties on the structure and performance of Li4Ti5O12 were discussed. Substitution of doping ions for Li ions on the tetrahedral 8a sites would lower the Li-ion conductivity. Substitution of doping ions for Li ions on the octahedral 16d sites may "correct" distribution of alkali metal ions. Substitution of doping ions for Ti ions on the octahedral 16d sites would affect structural stability of Li4Ti5O12. Substitution of doping ions for O ions on the octahedral 32e sites would affect the conductivity. In certain conditions, if the valence state of doping ions is higher than the substituted ions, the electronic conductivity of Li4Ti5O12 could be improved. Doping elements with different energy band structures and redox behaviors affect the electrochemical reaction process of Li4Ti5O12. The different ionic radius and the number allowed to enter the lattice of doping ions would change the Li4Ti5O12 lattice constant and microstructure morphology.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structure properties of Li4Ti5O12
3 Doping of Li4Ti5O12
3.1 Position of dopants
3.2 Properties of dopants
3.3 Atmosphere of doping
4 Latest developments
5 Conclusion and outlook
ion doping
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