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导电聚合物在药物可控释放领域的应用
Application of Conducting Polymers in Controlled Drug Delivery System
导电聚合物(conducting polymers,CPs)是一类与金属具有相似的电、磁和光学特性的有机聚合物,电刺激会引起其氧化-还原状态的改变,从而导致CPs的电荷量、掺杂水平、导电性以及体积发生变化.利用CPs的这些特性,可将其用于药物、蛋白质以及基因等的传递和可控释放.通过对CPs基体进行化学物理修饰,可以扩大CPs基体的载药品种、提高载药量以及优化药物控释手段.本文简要介绍了CPs的性能和制备方法,对CPs基药物传递体系的药物担载和释放机理进行了详细的讨论,并归纳总结了近年来国内外以CPs为基体的药物传递体系的研究进展,最后对CPs基药物传递体系所面临的问题和未来发展进行了总结和展望.
Conducting polymers (CPs) are conjugated polymers with interesting chemical and physical properties. CP-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been developed rapidly in the past few decades. The advantages of CPs as potential candidates for application in DDSs are derived from their inherent electroactivity, ease of preparation and applicability to a wide spectrum of dopants, including anionic, cationic and neutral biomolecules. More importantly, due to the switching property of the redox states external electrical stimulations can be used to alter the electronegativity, conductivity, doping level and volume of CPs. Moreover, the structure and surface morphology of CPs can be tailored by incorporating different dopants or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as well as by different preparation methods. Capitalizing the unique properties, CP-based DDSs can provide high drug load, trigger release of the incorporated drugs, control drug release and modify the release rate of the drugs. In this review, we briefly introduce the properties and preparation methods of CPs, and summarize the research progress of drug loading and release of CP-based DDSs. Finally, potential problems, challenges and future development in this area are proposed and discussed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 The properties and preparation of conducting polymers
3 Drug incorporation and release of conducting polymer-based drug delivery system
3.1 Drug incorporation
3.2 Drug release
4 The modification of conducting polymer-based drug delivery system
4.1 Nano modification
4.2 Conducting hydrogel
4.3 Biotin-doped modification
4.4 Bilayer system
4.5 Self-powered system
4.6 Fluorescence imaging system
5 Challenges and future directions
conducting polymers(CPs)
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