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外界刺激调控的表面引发原子转移自由基聚合
External Stimuli Regulated Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
聚合物刷被广泛用于调控表/界面的物理化学性质,表面引发聚合(SIP)是制备聚合物刷的有效手段,该方法已广泛地用于合成具有各种结构以及功能的聚合物以及无机/有机杂化材料。表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)方法是表面接枝聚合刷最为常用的方法,但是目前的方法存在很多问题,例如:单体利用率低、反应条件苛刻、可控性较差等。近年来,一些研究组发展了一系列通过外界刺激来调控聚合过程的新方法,旨在克服以上缺陷。本文首先详细介绍了SI-ATRP的机理,在此基础上讨论通过一系列外界刺激(电化学、光、化学试剂等)灵活调控表面引发-原子转移自由基聚合来制备聚合物刷的最新研究进展,同时展望利用新的聚合方法调控聚合物刷结构、界面性质以及应用。
Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) has become an indispensable tool for tailoring of structures and properties of the polymer/inorganic and polymer/organic surfaces. However, traditional SI-ATRP always suffers from limitations such as rigorous synthetic protocols, heavy consumption of monomers and limited ability to control the polymerization process. Recently, many efforts have been taken to dramatically increase the scope of living radical polymerization through the development of new strategies to regulate the activation and deactivation steps by using a wide range of external stimuli, including electrochemistry, light and chemical reagent. We expect that this review will present a broad introduction to the field of the SI-ATRP research.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(SI-ATRP)
2.1 Initiation
2.2 Propagation
2.3 Termination
3 New methods for SI-ATRP
3.1 Electrochemically mediated ATRP
3.2 Photochemically mediated ATRP
3.3 Chemicals mediated ATRP
4 Characterization of the polymer brush
5 Conclusion
表面引发聚合
surface-initiated polymerization
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