ATRP大分子引发剂的合成及应用

牟思阳; 郭静; 于春芳; 宫玉梅; 张森

doi:10.7536/PC141120

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5) :539-549 DOI: 10.7536/PC141120

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ATRP大分子引发剂的合成及应用

牟思阳, 郭静*, 于春芳, 宫玉梅, 张森

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Synthesis and Applications of ATRP Macromolecular Initiator

Mu Siyang, Guo Jing*, Yu Chunfang, Gong Yumei, Zhang Sen

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摘要

原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)是一种新型的可控/活性聚合技术,现已广泛应用于聚合物分子结构设计、无机材料表面修饰、蛋白质检测以及生物大分子的分离和杀菌防污等.在此类反应过程中涉及的三大要素:单体、引发体系(引发剂、催化剂、配位剂)及反应介质,其中核心要素为ATRP引发剂,其结构与性质是ATRP反应成败的决定因素之一.本文在综述了小分子引发剂的种类与性质及ATRP的反应机理的基础上,着重综述了近年来官能团反应法、偶联反应法及自由基聚合法制备ATRP大分子引发剂的最新进展.同时还综述了大分子引发剂通过ATRP反应在聚合物结构设计中的应用,以及对无机材料和生物材料的表面修饰的最新进展,最后对ATRP引发体系的未来发展与应用进行了展望.

Abstract

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), as a new type of controllable/living polymerization reaction, has been applied in many fields widely, such as the structure design of the polymer,the surface modification of inorganic materials, protein detection, biopolymer separation, antibacterial and antifouling, etc. Three major factors are involved in the reaction process:monomer, initiator system (initiator, catalyst, complexant), and reaction medium, the core element of which is the choice of ATRP initiator. The microstructure and performance of the initiator are the key factors for the ATRP reaction. In this paper, we firstly introduce the types and properties of the micromolecule initiator and the reaction mechanism of the ATRP briefly. Then,we emphatically summarize the latest advances about the preparation methods of the ATRP macromolecular initiator in recent years, such as functional group reaction, coupling reaction and free radical polymerization. Moreover, we also review the latest application of the macromolecular initiator through ATRP reaction in the structure design of the polymer, the surface modification of inorganic materials and biological materials. Finally, an outlook for the prospective development of the ATRP initiator system is given.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Small molecular initiator
3 Preparation of the macromolecular initiator
3.1 Functional group reaction method
3.2 Coupling reaction method
3.3 Free radical polymerization method
4 Application
4.1 Structure design of the polymer
4.2 Surface modification of inorganic materials
4.3 Surface modification of biomolecular
5 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP) / 大分子引发 / 分子设计 / 表面修饰

Key words

atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) / macromolecular initiator / molecular design / surface modification

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牟思阳, 郭静, 于春芳, 宫玉梅, 张森. ATRP大分子引发剂的合成及应用[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(5): 539-549 DOI:10.7536/PC141120

Mu Siyang, Guo Jing, Yu Chunfang, Gong Yumei, Zhang Sen. Synthesis and Applications of ATRP Macromolecular Initiator[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(5): 539-549 DOI:10.7536/PC141120

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