基于微流控芯片的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数检测

雷相阳; 邱宪波; 葛胜祥; 夏宁邵; 陈兴; 崔大付

doi:10.7536/PC141237

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7) :870-881 DOI: 10.7536/PC141237

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基于微流控芯片的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数检测

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CD4 +T Lymphocyte Counting Technologies Based on Microfluidic Chip

Lei Xiangyang¹, Qiu Xianbo*¹, Ge Shengxiang², Xia Ningshao², Chen Xing³, Cui Dafu³

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摘要

CD4 +T淋巴细胞是人体免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的主要感染细胞,慢性HIV感染者逐渐耗尽CD4 +T淋巴细胞,使免疫系统变弱,导致获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS),因此,CD4 +T淋巴细胞的数量对HIV/AIDS的诊断和治疗至关重要。全球范围内HIV/AIDS正处于快速增长期,现有的CD4 +T淋巴细胞计数检测方法由于仪器昂贵、操作复杂、检测成本高,不利于疾病诊疗的普及与推广。为实现低成本、方便、快捷的临床检测,基于微流控芯片的CD4 +T淋巴细胞计数检测方法与技术的研究正日益受到人们的重视。本文在回顾传统CD4 +T淋巴细胞检测方法的基础上,综述、归纳了基于微流控芯片的CD4 +T淋巴细胞计数方法,在全面分析其技术特点的基础上,进一步评述了其综合性能、适用范围、及典型优缺点。最后,本文针对基于微流控芯片的CD4 +T淋巴细胞计数检测技术的发展趋势及商业化应用前景进行了讨论和展望。

Abstract

CD4 +T lymphocytes are the main infected targets of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in bodies. CD4 level will gradually decrease in HIV hosts when their immune systems are becoming more and more weak, which finally causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Therefore, the number of CD4 +T lymphocytes for HIV hosts at different stages is critical to the diagnosis and therapy of HIV/AIDS. For example, Antiretroviral therapy (ART) normally requires four periodical CD4 +T tests in one year for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Population with HIV/AIDS is increasing significantly all over the world in the past ten years. The existing methods for CD4 +T lymphocyte counting are unavailable to developing countries or undeveloped areas because of expensive devices, complicated procedures and high cost. To solve this problem, based on microfluidic technology, new CD4 +T lymphocyte counting methods are being intensively studied for low cost, rapid and convenient CD4 +T lymphocyte detection in the point-of-care test (POCT). After a brief introduction on traditional methods, this paper reviews and summarizes CD4 +T lymphocyte counting methods based on microfluidic chips. The typical technical characteristics of chip-based CD4 +T lymphocyte counting methods are identified and grouped, and furthermore, their general performance, application area, and major advantages with disadvantages are discussed and evaluated in details. Finally, an outlook and conclusion for research, development and commercialization of CD4 +T lymphocyte counting based on microfluidic chip are given after a detailed discussion.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Clinical value and classification of CD4 +T counting 2.1 Clinical value of CD4 +T counting
2.2 CD4 +T counting with flow cytometry
2.3 CD4 +T counting with manual operation
2.4 CD4 +T counting with microfluidic chip
3 CD4 +T counting based on single cell detection with microfluidic chip
3.1 CD4 +T counting based on cell image
3.2 CD4 +T counting based on optical or electrical signal of single cell
4 CD4 +T counting based on the macro-characteristics of cell group with microfluidic chip
4.1 CD4 +T counting based on chemiluminescence of cell group
4.2 CD4 +T counting based on impedance of cell group
4.3 CD4 +T counting based on the macro-physical characteristics of cell group
5 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

CD4 +T淋巴细胞 / HIV/AIDS / 细胞计数 / 微流控芯片 / 检测

Key words

CD4 +T lymphocyte / HIV/AIDS / cell counting / microfluidic chip / detection

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雷相阳, 邱宪波, 葛胜祥, 夏宁邵, 陈兴, 崔大付. 基于微流控芯片的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数检测[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(7): 870-881 DOI:10.7536/PC141237

Lei Xiangyang, Qiu Xianbo, Ge Shengxiang, Xia Ningshao, Chen Xing, Cui Dafu. CD4 +T Lymphocyte Counting Technologies Based on Microfluidic Chip[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(7): 870-881 DOI:10.7536/PC141237

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