DNA四面体结构纳米材料及其应用

董世彪; 焦雄; 赵荣涛; 许金坤; 宋宏彬; 郝荣章

doi:10.7536/PC150218

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9) :1191-1197 DOI: 10.7536/PC150218

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DNA四面体结构纳米材料及其应用

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The DNA Tetrahedron Nanostructure Materials and Their Applications

Dong Shibiao^1,2, Jiao Xiong^1*, Zhao Rongtao², Xu Jinkun², Song Hongbin², Hao Rongzhang^2*

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摘要

基于DNA纳米技术自组装的DNA四面体纳米材料,由于结构稳定、机械性能优越、分子修饰位点丰富等特点,逐渐成为DNA纳米材料领域的研究热点。此外,该DNA四面体纳米材料只需一步热变性即可自组装形成,具有合成方法简单、产率高的优点。可通过不同的设计,利用自组装方法将功能分子修饰在DNA四面体的顶点处,包裹在其笼状孔隙结构内,镶嵌或悬挂在双螺旋的边上,甚至通过引入发卡环结构等方式智能控制其结构变化。本文综述了DNA四面体结构纳米材料的设计和自组装原理、功能化修饰方法和结构的智能化,同时介绍了DNA四面体纳米材料在分子诊断、生物成像、分子输送和靶向给药等方面的应用研究,并探讨了此类纳米材料在今后应用研究中应关注的方面。

Abstract

Nowadays, DNA tetrahedron nanostructure materials, formed by self-assembly based on DNA nanotechnology, have become a hot topic in the field of DNA nanomaterials because of their stable structures, superior mechanical properties, rich modification sites, and convenient fabrication methods with high yield. The synthesis of DNA tetrahedron only needs one step of thermal denaturation using four single nucleotides as raw materials. Their functionalization molecules can be modified on the vertexes, embedded between the double-stranded DNA of the tetrahedron edges, hanged on the edges, or encapsulated in the cage-like structure of the tetrahedron. The structure of tetrahedron can also be intelligently controlled through smart design such as integrating DNA hairpin loop structure onto the edges. This review introduces the design principle of the DNA tetrahedron nanostructure materials, the functionalization and intellectualization methods based on their unique nanostructure, as well as their applications on molecular diagnosis, bioimaging and targeted drug delivery, and finally discusses the considerations in the future research of this field.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 DNA tetrahedron nanostructures
2.1 The self-assembly principle
2.2 The functional modification and intellectualization
3 The applications of tetrahedron nanostructures
3.1 Molecular diagnosis
3.2 Bioimaging
3.3 Molecular transport and targeted drug delivery
4 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

DNA四面体 / 纳米材料 / 生物传感器 / 生物成像 / 靶向给药

Key words

DNA tetrahedron / nano material / biosensor / bioimaging / targeted drug delivery

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董世彪, 焦雄, 赵荣涛, 许金坤, 宋宏彬, 郝荣章. DNA四面体结构纳米材料及其应用[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(9): 1191-1197 DOI:10.7536/PC150218

Dong Shibiao, Jiao Xiong, Zhao Rongtao, Xu Jinkun, Song Hongbin, Hao Rongzhang. The DNA Tetrahedron Nanostructure Materials and Their Applications[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(9): 1191-1197 DOI:10.7536/PC150218

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