齐聚噻吩及其衍生物有机光伏材料

doi:10.7536/PC150328

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10) :1435-1447 DOI: 10.7536/PC150328

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齐聚噻吩及其衍生物有机光伏材料

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Oligothiophene Derivatives in Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Guan Li^1*, Zhang Xiaoyuan², Sun Fuqiang¹, Jiang Yue², Zhong Yiping², Liu Ping²

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文章历史 +

摘要

齐聚噻吩及其衍生物具有良好的环境稳定性和优异的光电性能,是一类具有良好发展前景的有机功能材料。本文综述了近年来齐聚噻吩及其衍生物的发展状况,简述了其主要合成方法;根据结构将其分为两大类:一类是不含极性基团或仅含弱极性基团的齐聚噻吩衍生物,另一类是给体-受体型齐聚噻吩衍生物,并讨论了它们作为有机光伏材料的应用。给体-受体型齐聚噻吩衍生物由于分子内的电荷传输作用,其光物理和电化学性能均优于不含极性基团的齐聚噻吩,该类材料在小分子光伏器件中具有最高的光电转换效率(>10%)。文章最后简要分析了影响光伏器件性能的主要因素。

Abstract

Oligothiophenes and their derivatives, possessing attractive properties such as good environmental stability and excellent photoelectric properties, are important organic functional materials which can be developed greatly. In this review, the synthesis and properties of oligothiophenes and their derivatives with a focus on applications in organic photovoltaics in recent years are discussed. According to the structure, oligothiophenes and their derivatives are divided into two categories. One category includes oligothiophenes containing nonpolar groups or weak-polar groups, and the other one includes donor-acceptor (D-A) oligothiophenes and their derivatives. The D-A oligothiophene derivatives include one dimensional, two dimensional or star-shaped molecules, self-assemble molecules, donor-acceptor dyads or triads. The oligothiophene derivatives used as acceptors in photovaitic devices are also discussed. Due to the intramolecular charge transfer effect, the photophysical and electrochemical properties of D-A oligothiophene derivatives as donors are superior to those of containing weak-polar group derivatives. The D-A oligothiophene derivatives based devices have the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency (>10%) among small molecular photovoltaic materials. Finally, the main factors that affect the photovoltaic performance of devices are briefly analysised such as HOMO and LUMO energy levels, scope of spectral absorption and film morphology, etc. The open circuit voltage (V_oc) is related to the difference between the LUMO energy level of the acceptor and the HOMO energy level of the donor. The short-circuit current (J_sc) is related to the absorption range and intensity of the active layer. The morphology of the active layer can be a determining factor for the fill factor (FF) of photovoltaic devices.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of oligothiophene derivatives
3 Applitation of oligothiophene derivatives on organic photovoltaic devices
3.1 Low-polar oligothiophenes
3.2 Donor-accepter oligothiophene derivatives
4 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

齐聚噻吩 / 光伏性能 / 有机光伏器件 / 有机太阳能电池

Key words

oligothiophene derivatives / photovoltaic properties / organic photovoltaic devices / organic solar cells

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关丽, 张晓远, 孙福强, 姜月, 钟一平, 刘平. 齐聚噻吩及其衍生物有机光伏材料[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(10): 1435-1447 DOI:10.7536/PC150328

Oligothiophene Derivatives in Organic Photovoltaic Devices[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(10): 1435-1447 DOI:10.7536/PC150328

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