直接甲醇燃料电池的阳极和阴极催化剂

林玲; 朱青; 徐安武

doi:10.7536/PC150349

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9) :1147-1157 DOI: 10.7536/PC150349

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直接甲醇燃料电池的阳极和阴极催化剂

林玲, 朱青, 徐安武*

作者信息 +

Anode Catalysts and Cathode Catalysts of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Lin Ling, Zhu Qing, Xu Anwu*

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文章历史 +

摘要

直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)由于其结构简单、能量密度高、易携带、无污染等优点,成为燃料电池未来发展的方向。阳极和阴极催化剂的活性和稳定性是决定DMFC性能、寿命和成本的关键。然而,商业催化剂铂(Pt)的低储量和高成本限制了DMFC的广泛应用,同时,非铂类催化剂的活性和稳定性还需要进一步提高,以达到商业化应用的要求。本文综述了近年来国内外DMFC阳极和阴极催化剂的最新研究进展。首先,对于阳极甲醇氧化催化剂,分别对Pt基催化剂的改性和非Pt类催化剂的研究进展进行了详细介绍;其次,概述了Pt基阴极氧还原催化剂的改性和非Pt阴极催化剂的发展现状;此外,对于催化剂与载体的强相互作用产生的协同效应进行了总结论述;最后,对直接甲醇燃料电池阳极和阴极催化剂的发展前景进行了展望。

Abstract

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) appears to be one of the most promising systems of various fuel cells, due to their simple structure, high energy density, easy transportation and environment friendly. The activity and stability of the anode and cathode catalysts determine the performance and stability of DMFC. Platinum (Pt) has the highest activity toward both anodic and cathodic reactions. However, the low abundance and high cost of commercial platinum catalyst hinder the widespread application of DMFC. Therefore, developing non-platinum catalysts is of great significance to the wide application of DMFC. Although researchers have made great progress in non-platinum catalysts research in recent years, the activity and stability of non-platinum catalysts still need further improvement to meet the requirements of commercial application. In this review article, the research progresses anode and cathode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell in recent years are summarized. The development of the Pt-based and Pt-free anode and cathode catalysts of DMFC is described in detail, respectively. Besides, the synergistic effect from strong interaction between Pt-based catalyst and catalyst supports is also discussed. Finally, the further development in the anode and cathode catalysts of DMFC is expected.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Anode catalysts
2.1 Platinum-based anode catalysts
2.2 Non-platinum anode catalysts
3 Cathode catalysts
3.1 Platinum-based cathode catalysts
3.2 Non-platinum cathode catalysts
4 Synergistic effect between Pt-based catalyst and supports
5 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

燃料电池 / 甲醇 / 催化剂 / 铂基 / 非铂

Key words

fuel cells / methanol / catalysts / platinum-based / non-platinum

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林玲, 朱青, 徐安武. 直接甲醇燃料电池的阳极和阴极催化剂[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(9): 1147-1157 DOI:10.7536/PC150349

Lin Ling, Zhu Qing, Xu Anwu. Anode Catalysts and Cathode Catalysts of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(9): 1147-1157 DOI:10.7536/PC150349

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