两步热化学分解水制氢用氧交换材料

翟康; 李孔斋; 祝星; 魏永刚

doi:10.7536/PC150436

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10) :1481-1499 DOI: 10.7536/PC150436

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两步热化学分解水制氢用氧交换材料

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作者信息 +

Oxygen Exchange Materials Used in Two-Steps Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production

Zhai Kang^1,3, Li Kongzhai^1,2, Zhu Xing^1,2*, Wei Yonggang^1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

氧交换材料是一种能够在惰性或还原气氛中快速释氧,而在弱氧化气氛下(如水蒸气)恢复氧的储氧材料。基于氧交换材料的太阳能热化学分解水制氢技术可实现太阳能向氢能的高效转化。该技术利用太阳能提供热量使氧交换材料高温释氧或被还原性气体还原,而后与水发生氧化反应生成纯氢。将氧交换材料制成透氧膜,在膜的两侧发生材料的释氧和氧恢复,同时实现纯氢的连续制备。本文详细论述了铁基氧化物、钙钛矿氧化物、镍基氧化物、铈基氧化物、无机透氧膜等氧交换材料的研究成果,重点介绍了基于不同反应体系氧交换材料的应用情况,并就提高铁基氧化物、钙钛矿氧化物等典型氧交换材料反应活性与循环稳定性的可能路径,构建高效透氧膜反应器的难点与发展方向等主要问题进行了探讨与展望。

Abstract

Oxygen exchange material is a kind of oxygen storage material which can release oxygen in a inert atmosphere and restore oxygen in a weak oxidation atmosphere. Thermochemical water splitting (TWS) technology is a promising process for the conversion of solar energy to hydrogen, which strongly replies on the development of the oxygen exchange materials (OEM). In a TWS process, the OEM could release its lattice oxygen via thermal decomposition or by reducing gas heated by solar energy, and then it would be reoxidized with water vapor to produce pure hydrogen. Some suitable OEMs can also be prepared to oxygen transport membranes (OTM), which enable the simultaneous occurence of the oxygen releasing and oxgyen restoring on each side of the materials, producing hydrogen successively. This review mainly introduce the recent developments on the OEMs, including Fe-based oxides, perovskite oxides, Ni-based oxides, Ce-based oxides, OTM. The main challenges in OEM, such as the provement of activity and cyclic stability of Fe-based oxides and perovskite oxides for water splitting, and realization of highly-efficient OTM reactor are discussed. Finally, future development trends in this area are prospected based on our researches.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Redox oxygen exchange materials (Redox-OEM)
2.1 Thermochemical reduction system
2.2 CH₄ reduction system
2.3 Syngas/CO reduction system
2.4 H₂ reduction system
3 Oxygen Transport Membranes (OTM-OEM)
3.1 CO/H₂ reduction system
3.2 CH₄ reduction system
3.3 Other systems
4 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

热化学分解水 / 制氢 / 氧交换材料 / 金属氧化物 / 钙钛矿 / 透氧膜

Key words

thermochemical water splitting / hydrogen production / oxygen exchange materials / metal oxides / perovskite / oxygen transport membranes

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翟康, 李孔斋, 祝星, 魏永刚. 两步热化学分解水制氢用氧交换材料[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(10): 1481-1499 DOI:10.7536/PC150436

Zhai Kang, Li Kongzhai, Zhu Xing, Wei Yonggang. Oxygen Exchange Materials Used in Two-Steps Thermochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(10): 1481-1499 DOI:10.7536/PC150436

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