分子梭作为分子机器的一种主要类型,大多是建立在主客体识别的基础上的,其在分子开关、分子逻辑门、信息存储等领域有着重要的潜在应用价值,是超分子化学领域的研究热点之一。本文介绍了分子梭的概念、原理,详细归纳了具有刺激响应型的分子梭。并且,按照外界刺激源的不同,将刺激响应型分子梭分为光驱动、pH驱动、氧化还原驱动以及多重驱动的分子梭。阐述了不同驱动方式的分子梭的结构特点、运动规律、研究进展及潜在应用,分析了刺激响应型分子梭目前面临的问题,并对其今后的发展趋势做了展望。
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