基于微纳结构液体灌注的超滑表面的制备与应用

安光明; 凌世全; 王智伟; 栾琳; 吴天准

doi:10.7536/PC150630

化学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12) :1705-1713 DOI: 10.7536/PC150630

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基于微纳结构液体灌注的超滑表面的制备与应用

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Fabrication and Application of Ultra-Slippery Surfaces Based on Liquid Infusion in Micro/Nano Structure

An Guangming^1,2, Ling Shiquan¹, Wang Zhiwei^1*, Luan Lin³, Wu Tianzhun^1*

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摘要

超滑表面利用其基底上的微纳结构通过毛细作用将润滑油等液体锁定在孔隙中,孔隙中浸润的润滑油在基底形成一层动态油膜,油膜与不溶液体的液-液界面代替了固体与液体的固-液界面,从而大幅减少了滑动阻力。与传统具有类似低滚动角特性的超疏水和超疏油表面相比,孔隙中填充润滑油比空气具有更好的压力稳定性,而且润滑油的毛细流动性使得超滑表面具有良好的自修复能力。由于其明显的优势,近些年超滑表面已成为国际学术界研究热点,应用也拓展到防结冰、强化传热、减阻、抗生物黏附、微流控等领域。目前超滑表面研究仍存在重要挑战,例如如何避免润滑油的挥发带来的性能退化、如何针对各种材质和结构设计合适的加工工艺制备微纳结构等,这些问题限制了超滑表面的广泛应用。本文综述了超滑表面的制备工艺以及应用,分析了现存的问题,并且对超滑表面未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract

The ultra-slippery surface is fabricated by infiltrating functionalized micro/nano surface structures with low-surface energy, chemically inert lubricating oil. The lubricating oil is locked by micro/nano structures due to the capillary effect, and a dynamic oil film is formed on the surface. Therefore, the liquid-solid interface is replaced by liquid-liquid interface, leading to the significant reduction of flow resistance. Compared with traditional superhydrophobic surfaces and superoleophobic surfaces with similar low sliding angles, air trapped in the pores is replaced by the lubricating oil, which can provide better pressure stability. Furthermore, ultra-slippery surfaces possess appealing self-healing ability due to the capillary flow of lubricating oil. Because of these significant advantages, recently they have drawn much attention and become a research focus all over the world. So far ultra-slippery surfaces have been investigated for various applications such as anti-icing, heat transfer enhancement, drag reduction, anti-biofouling, microfluidics, etc. However, there are still some important challenges which limit their applications, for example, how to avoid or alleviate the performance deterioration caused by the evaporation of lubricating oil, and how to choose proper process to fabricate various micro/nano structures on different kinds of material. This paper reviews the recent progress of the fabrication and applications of ultra-slippery surfaces, discusses the existing problems, and provides outlook of development tendency.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Design principles of SLIPS
3 Fabrication technologies of SLIPS
3.1 Overview of fabrication methods
3.2 Chemical reaction
3.3 Spray coating
3.4 Self-assembly fabrication
4 Applications of SLIPS
4.1 Anti-icing application
4.2 Heat transfer enhancement
4.3 Pipeline transportation
4.4 Droplet manipulation
4.5 Marine anti-biofouling
4.6 Bioengineering application
4.7 Sediment removal
5 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

超滑表面 / 仿生表面 / 自修复 / 滚动角 / 微纳结构

Key words

ultra slippery surface / biomimetic surface / self-healing / sliding angle / micro/nano structure

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安光明, 凌世全, 王智伟, 栾琳, 吴天准. 基于微纳结构液体灌注的超滑表面的制备与应用[J]. 化学进展, 2015, 27(12): 1705-1713 DOI:10.7536/PC150630

An Guangming, Ling Shiquan, Wang Zhiwei, Luan Lin, Wu Tianzhun. Fabrication and Application of Ultra-Slippery Surfaces Based on Liquid Infusion in Micro/Nano Structure[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2015, 27(12): 1705-1713 DOI:10.7536/PC150630

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