铁蛋白表面修饰及其应用

杨彩云; 曹长乾; 蔡垚; 张同伟; 潘永信

doi:10.7536/PC150633

化学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1) :91-102 DOI: 10.7536/PC150633

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铁蛋白表面修饰及其应用

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The Surface Modification of Ferritin and Its Applications

Yang Caiyun^1,2,3, Cao Changqian^1,2, Cai Yao^1,2,3, Zhang Tongwei^1,2, Pan Yongxin^1,2*

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摘要

铁蛋白是一种广泛存在的储铁蛋白,具有纳米尺寸的水合氧化铁内核和笼形结构的蛋白质外壳。通过对铁蛋白壳的修饰或核的改造已成功构建出多功能肿瘤诊断和药物输送系统。近年来对铁蛋白的修饰研究主要集中在:(1)通过对铁蛋白内表面的修饰使铁蛋白壳内包裹上特定药物或者促进纳米材料的合成;(2)通过对铁蛋白外表面的修饰与PEG或抗体连接以扩展新的功能;(3)通过铁蛋白外表面或亚基间接触面的修饰控制铁蛋白的自组装。目前从铁蛋白修饰角度来阐明铁蛋白应用的研究较少。本文综述了近年来铁蛋白表面修饰的研究进展,介绍了铁蛋白表面化学修饰和生物修饰的方法,并进一步阐述了经修饰后铁蛋白纳米材料在生物医学、诊断学、纳米电子学等领域的应用。最后探讨了目前铁蛋白表面修饰研究方向及需解决的问题,提出了将铁蛋白生物修饰和化学修饰两种方法相结合是未来发展方向之一。本工作旨在为铁蛋白的进一步开发利用提供一些可能的思路。

Abstract

Ferritin is a spherical protein composed of 24 subunits with an outer diameter of 12 nm and inner cavity diameter of 8 nm. The inner cavity can accommodate up to 4500 iron atoms as an iron mineral core (ferrihydrite in original). This special architecture of ferritin makes it an ideal nanoscale biotemplate. With the modification of the protein shell and the transformation of the inner mineral core, researchers have developed series of multifunctional cancer diagnostic agents and drug delivery systems against tumors. Recent studies of ferritin modification have focused on: (1) interior modification to make the nucleation of ferritin more efficient;(2) exterior modification by connecting PEG or antibody on the protein shell to develop ferritin new functions; (3) modification of interface between subunits to control the self-assemble of ferritin. This review summarizes the recent advances in the surface modifications of ferritin. We firstly review the two different modified methods, the chemical modification and the biological modification, then, discuss the diverse applications with modified ferritin in biomedicine, diagnostics and nano electronics, and the existing problems in the surface modifications of ferritin. We propose that a way to develop novel functionalized ferritin-based nano-materials is to combine the chemical and biological means.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structure of ferritin
3 The surface modification of ferritin and its applications
3.1 The surface modification of ferritin with chemical methods
3.2 Applications of chemically modified ferritin
3.3 The surface modification of ferritin with biological methods and its applications
4 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

铁蛋白 / 纳米材料 / 表面修饰 / 应用

Key words

ferritin / nano-materials / surface modification / application

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杨彩云, 曹长乾, 蔡垚, 张同伟, 潘永信. 铁蛋白表面修饰及其应用[J]. 化学进展, 2016, 28(1): 91-102 DOI:10.7536/PC150633

Yang Caiyun, Cao Changqian, Cai Yao, Zhang Tongwei, Pan Yongxin. The Surface Modification of Ferritin and Its Applications[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(1): 91-102 DOI:10.7536/PC150633

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