基于电化学还原氧化石墨烯的电化学传感

饶红红, 薛中华, 王雪梅, 赵国虎, 侯辉辉, 王晖

doi:10.7536/PC150641

化学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2/3) :337-352 DOI: 10.7536/PC150641

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基于电化学还原氧化石墨烯的电化学传感

饶红红, 薛中华, 王雪梅, 赵国虎, 侯辉辉, 王晖

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Electrochemical Sensors Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide

Rao Honghong, Xue Zhonghua, Wang Xuemei, Zhao Guohu, Hou Huihui, Wang Hui

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摘要

石墨烯作为理想的电极材料,由于其优异的物理和化学性质,在电催化和电分析领域已得到了广泛的关注。由于石墨烯的不可逆团聚现象使其在电化学各领域的应用受到了极大的限制,而氧化石墨烯制备简单、易得,且具有良好的亲水特性,可弥补上述不足,但其结构中富含的各种含氧基团又会导致氧化石墨烯修饰界面的电子传输能力降低,不利于电催化反应和高灵敏传感器的构筑。采用适当的还原方法可减少和控制氧化石墨烯表面的含氧基团的数量,以恢复石墨烯较为完善的平面共轭结构,提高其导电性和调节带隙,达到调控材料电催化性能的目的。基于电化学还原氧化石墨烯(ERGO)得到的本征及各类无机、有机等ERGO类复合材料的电化学传感器具有明显的优势,已被广泛应用于各种电催化及电化学传感领域。本文就基于ERGO类材料的电化学传感器的近期进展作了简要评述,论述了此类电化学传感平台的特点、制备原理和方法、分类以及在各类环境污染物、食品和药物、DNA及生物等领域的电化学传感应用,并就此类电化学传感器的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract

As an ideal electrode material with excellent physical and chemical properties, graphene has been widely concerned in electrocatalysis and electroanalytical applications. It may be limited by the great in the electrochemical application areas due to its irreversible agglomeration. However, it is well realized that graphene oxide can provide a new way to separate graphene sheets for the reason of its good hydrophilic characteristic and also that the preparation of graphene oxide usually is simple and easy. But the electron transmission capacity of the modified interface based on graphene oxide would be further decreased due to its oxygen-containing groups, which are not benefited for the eletrocatalysis and electrochemical sensors with high sensitivity. Additionally, oxygen-containing groups of graphene oxide can be reduced by using some reduction methods so as to restore a more perfect graphene structure with planar conjugated, which will further improve the conductivity and adjust the band gap of graphene oxide. Therefore the electro-catalytic properties of the resulting materials can be adapted by using such reduction methods. Electrochemical sensors based on electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) have been widely applied in all kinds of electrcatalytic and electrochemical sensor research fields due to its unique characteristic and advantages. In this paper, the recent progress of electrochemical sensor based on ERGO materials are briefly reviewed, including the characteristics, preparation principle and methods, classification of such electrochemical sensing platform and, also its applications as electrochemical sensing in the field of environmental pollutants, the food and drug, DNA and biological analysis. In addition, the future development and application prospect of this kind of ERGO based electrochemical sensors were further discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of ERGO modified electrodes
2.1 Indirect electrochemically reduced method
2.2 Direct electrochemically reduced method
3 Classification of ERGO modified electrodes
3.1 Intrinsical ERGO modified electrodes
3.2 The composite modified electrodes based on inorganic nanoparticles and ERGO
3.3 The composite modified electrodes based on organic compounds and ERGO
3.4 The composite modified electrodes based on inorganic-organic and ERGO
4 Electrocatalytic and electrochemical applications of ERGO modified electrodes
4.1 Electrochemical analysis of small molecules
4.2 Electrochemical analysis of molecules containing aromatic structure
4.3 Electrochemical analysis of biological molecules (protein and DNA)
5 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

氧化石墨烯 / 电化学还原氧化石墨烯 / 电化学传感

Key words

graphene oxide / electrochemically reduced graphene oxide / electrochemical sensing

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饶红红, 薛中华, 王雪梅, 赵国虎, 侯辉辉, 王晖. 基于电化学还原氧化石墨烯的电化学传感[J]. 化学进展, 2016, 28(2/3): 337-352 DOI:10.7536/PC150641

Rao Honghong, Xue Zhonghua, Wang Xuemei, Zhao Guohu, Hou Huihui, Wang Hui. Electrochemical Sensors Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(2/3): 337-352 DOI:10.7536/PC150641

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