硼团簇、硼烷及金属硼化物的研究现状

doi:10.7536/PC160533

化学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (11) :1601-1614 DOI: 10.7536/PC160533

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硼团簇、硼烷及金属硼化物的研究现状

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Research Advances of Boron Clusters, Borane and Metal-Doped Boron Compounds

Shen Yanfang, Xu Chang, Huang Min, Wang Haiyan, Cheng Longjiu*

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摘要

硼原子因其半径小、缺电子、配位数大、价电子sp²杂化和三中心键等特点引起了科学家的高度关注。其团簇的电子结构、稳定性、芳香性和成键方式等性质的研究成为化学领域的一大热点。由于硼化物多样性的特点，其在光学、能源和储存工业气体方面具有潜在的应用价值。本文简述了近几年全硼团簇、硼烷及金属硼化物的研究现状。其中，分别从中性、阴离子和阳离子三种形式对全硼团簇和硼烷进行概括；金属掺杂硼化物主要包括金属掺杂的纯硼团簇和硼烷、过渡金属掺杂的三明治形式复合物以及金属中心硼分子轮。

Abstract

Boron atom has received much attention from scientists owing to its unique characters, such as short covalent radius, electron deficiency, large coordination number, sp² hybridization of valence electrons and three-center bonds. Due to the research of the electronic structure, stability, aromaticity and bonding nature, boron clusters have become a sparkling rising star on the horizon of chemistry. Meanwhile, boron compounds have a vast applications in optics, energy and industrial gas storage because of their rich features. This paper systematicly reviewes the recent research progresses of pure-boron clusters, borane and metal-doped boron clusters. The pure-boron clusters and borane are generalized from neutral, anionic and cationic three types. The metal-doped boron clusters mainly include metal-doped all-boron clusters and borane, transition-metal sandwich-type complexes as well as metal-centered boron molecular wheels.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Pure-boron clusters
2.1 Neutral boron clusters
2.2 Anionic boron clusters
2.3 Cationic boron clusters
3 Borane clusters
3.1 Anionic borane clusters
3.2 Neutral borane clusters
3.3 Cationic borane clusters
4 Metal-doped boron clusters
4.1 Metal-doped all-boron clusters
4.2 Metal-doped borane compounds
4.3 Transition-metal sandwich-type complexes
4.4 Metal-centered boron molecular wheels
5 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

硼团簇 / 硼烷 / 硼化合物 / 结构 / 性质

Key words

boron clusters / borane / boron compounds / structure / properties

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沈艳芳, 徐畅, 黄敏, 王海燕, 程龙玖. 硼团簇、硼烷及金属硼化物的研究现状[J]. 化学进展, 2016, 28(11): 1601-1614 DOI:10.7536/PC160533

Research Advances of Boron Clusters, Borane and Metal-Doped Boron Compounds[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(11): 1601-1614 DOI:10.7536/PC160533

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