TiO2基光解水析氢非贵金属共催化剂的研究

张凌峰; 胡忠攀; 刘歆颖; 袁忠勇

doi:10.7536/PC160614

化学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10) :1474-1488 DOI: 10.7536/PC160614

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TiO₂基光解水析氢非贵金属共催化剂的研究

^1,2

^1*

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Noble-Metal-Free Co-Catalysts for TiO₂-Based Photocatalytic H₂-Evolution Half Reaction in Water Splitting

Zhang Lingfeng^1,2, Hu Zhongpan¹, Liu Xinying², Yuan Zhongyong^1*

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摘要

利用太阳能光催化水解制氢是获得清洁、廉价、无污染的氢气最有前景的一种方式。这个过程主要包括三个步骤：太阳光的捕获，电荷分离与转移，催化质子还原产生氢气。其中，大量的研究工作主要集中在前两步，对于第三步的研究则相对较少。然而，共催化剂的引入可以有效促进光催化活性并提高氢气产生速率。共催化剂主要分为贵金属共催化剂和非贵金属共催化剂，其中，贵金属共催化剂有着较高的活性，但是其价格及来源限制了其实际应用，因此开发廉价高效的非贵金属共催化剂非常重要。本文对TiO₂基光解水析氢的非贵金属共催化剂（过渡金属单质及其复合物以及非金属碳基材料）进行了总结，详细讨论了不同共催化剂的作用机理，并对共催化剂的发展方向进行了合理展望。

Abstract

Photocatalytic water splitting technology based on TiO₂ semiconductor is a promising strategy for clean, low-cost, and environmental friendly H₂ production by utilizing solar energy. The whole process includes three crucial steps:solar light harvesting to excite electron from VB to CB of TiO₂, charge separation and transportation, and the catalytic reduction of H⁺ to H₂ evolution reaction. Many progresses are achieved on the first two steps, while much less researches are concentrated on the third step to improve catalytic activity with the utilization of the cocatalysts. Noble metal Pt as cocatalyst can obviously promote the H₂-producing rate in TiO₂ photocatalytic system. However, it has been restricted seriously due to its limited sources and high cost. Thus, developing cheap, earth-abundant, and high active noble-metal-free cocatalysts is very significant for high efficient photocatalytic water splitting. This review summarizes the research progress on noble-metal-free cocatalysts for TiO₂-based H₂-evolution half reaction, including transition metals, transition metal compounds, nanocarbon materials and nanocarbon-based composites. The role of different cocatalysts in catalytic performance improving, such as, content, structure, particle size, surface area, dispersity, synthesis method of the cocatalysts, and so on, was discussed in detail. And the challenges and perspectives of the research directions are also remarked.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Fundamentals of photocatalytic water splitting and the role of cocatalyst
2.1 Fundamental of TiO₂-based photocatalyst
2.2 Process of H₂ production from water splitting
2.3 The roles of cocatalysts for H₂-evolution
2.4 Factors influencing the performance of cocatalysts
3 Noble-metal-free cocatalyst for H₂-evolution half reactions
3.1 Transition metal cocatalysts
3.2 Transition metal compounds
3.3 Nanocarbon-based cocatalysts
3.4 Catalytic mechanism
4 Conclusion and outlook

Graphical abstract

关键词

TiO₂ / 共催化剂 / 光解水 / 析氢半反应 / 太阳能

Key words

TiO₂ / cocatalyst / water splitting / H₂-evolution half reaction / solar energy

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张凌峰, 胡忠攀, 刘歆颖, 袁忠勇. TiO₂基光解水析氢非贵金属共催化剂的研究[J]. 化学进展, 2016, 28(10): 1474-1488 DOI:10.7536/PC160614

Zhang Lingfeng, Hu Zhongpan, Liu Xinying, Yuan Zhongyong. Noble-Metal-Free Co-Catalysts for TiO₂-Based Photocatalytic H₂-Evolution Half Reaction in Water Splitting[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(10): 1474-1488 DOI:10.7536/PC160614

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