铋单质及其复合材料在光催化中的应用

张小婧; 刘旸; 张骞; 周莹

doi:10.7536/PC160632

化学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10) :1560-1568 DOI: 10.7536/PC160632

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铋单质及其复合材料在光催化中的应用

^1,2

^1,2*

作者信息 +

Bismuth and Bismuth Composite Photocatalysts

Zhang Xiaojing^1,2, Liu Yang², Zhang Qian², Zhou Ying^1,2*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

单质铋作为近年来报道的新型光催化材料受到了研究者的广泛关注，本文主要介绍了铋单质的光敏化、半导体光催化及等离子体共振光催化机理。阐述了以沉淀法、溶剂热法、电化学法为代表的铋单质光催化材料的主要制备方法，并探讨了制备方法中表面活性剂、反应温度以及pH对合成铋单质的影响。归纳了铋单质尺寸和形貌对其吸光性能的影响。在此基础上进一步综述了以铋-二氧化钛、铋-铋系氧化物、铋-氧化锌、铋-氮化碳（C₃N₄）为主要代表的铋-半导体复合光催化材料，并归纳了其光催化增强机理，最后阐述了铋单质及其复合光催化材料的发展趋势。

Abstract

As a new type of photocatalyst, elemental bismuth has attracted wide attentions for energy conversion and environmental remediation. In this review, the photocatalytic mechanism of elemental Bi including photosensitization, photocatalysis and plasma resonance is discussed. In addition, the main preparation methods such as precipitation, solvothermal and electrochemical methods are described as well. Moreover, the influences of surface active agents, reaction temperature and pH values on the synthesis of bismuth particles are discussed in details. Generally, the optical properties of bismuth are strongly affected by its size and morphology, which is one of the key factors for photocatalytic applications. Besides, bismuth-semiconductor composites including Bi-titanium dioxide, Bi-bismuth oxides, Bi-zinc oxides and Bi-C₃N₄ are also reported as a kind of promising non-noble metal photocatalysts due to their enhanced oxygen vacancy density and increased photo-generated carriers mobility caused by the formation of heterojunction, which could be prepared by one-step hydrothermal process or reduction methods through polybasic alcohol or light irradiation. Furthermore, the narrowed band gap of the compound and the plasma resonance effect of bismuth are also demonstrated to be the reasons for the enhanced photocatalytic activities. Finally, on the basis of the above work, the development of Bi-semiconductor composite photocatalysts is discussed and the opinions on future trend are presented as well.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Bismuth photocatalyst
2.1 The photocatalytic mechanism of bismuth
2.2 The relationship among the size, morphology, absorption of bismuth
2.3 The preparation methods of bismuth
3 Bismuth composite photocatalysts
3.1 Bi-TiO₂
3.2 Bi-bismuth oxides
3.3 Bi-other semiconductors
4 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

铋单质 / 光催化 / 氧化物半导体 / 等离子体共振

Key words

bismuth / photocatalysis / oxide semiconductor / plasma resonance

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张小婧, 刘旸, 张骞, 周莹. 铋单质及其复合材料在光催化中的应用[J]. 化学进展, 2016, 28(10): 1560-1568 DOI:10.7536/PC160632

Zhang Xiaojing, Liu Yang, Zhang Qian, Zhou Ying. Bismuth and Bismuth Composite Photocatalysts[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016, 28(10): 1560-1568 DOI:10.7536/PC160632

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