碳材料在钛酸锂负极材料中的应用

石颖; 闻雷; 吴敏杰; 李峰

doi:10.7536/PC161007

化学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1) :149-161 DOI: 10.7536/PC161007

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碳材料在钛酸锂负极材料中的应用

石颖, 闻雷, 吴敏杰, 李峰*

作者信息 +

Applications of the Carbon Materials on Lithium Titanium Oxide as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries

Ying Shi, Lei Wen, Minjie Wu, Feng Li*

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文章历史 +

摘要

尖晶石型结构的钛酸锂由于具有极高的循环寿命和安全特性，被认为是目前最具应用前景的锂离子电池负极材料之一。但钛酸锂的电子电导率较低，且在充放电循环过程中易产生胀气问题，使其应用受到了极大的限制。将高导电、环境友好、化学和热性能稳定且结构多样的碳材料与钛酸锂形成复合负极材料，可有效提高材料的导电性，同时抑制胀气，对电极材料的性能优化起到非常关键的作用。本文综述了近年来碳材料在钛酸锂负极中的应用与研究进展，深入分析和探讨了碳材料对钛酸锂综合电化学性能的改善方式和改进效果，指出了不同形式的钛酸锂/碳复合材料在制备和应用中需要关注的问题，并对钛酸锂/碳复合材料未来可能的应用方向进行了展望。

Abstract

With the increasing demand for high power lithium ion batteries in the application of electrochemical energy storage (EES), smart grids and electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV), the development of anode materials with high power density, long cycle life and high safety is of great importance and urgency in recent years. Spinel lithium titanium oxide (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, LTO) has been considered as one of the most promising anode materials due to its high charge/discharge voltage plateau, stable crystal, long cycle life and high safety. However, its intrinsic low electronic conductivity, as well as the gassing behavior which usually happens during charge/discharge processes, have hindered the large scale application of LTO. Carbon materials with high conductivity, excellent chemical and thermal stability, various structures and environment friendly, can be used to form hybrid materials with LTO to improve the overall electronic conductivity and suppress the gassing at the same time. Therefore, carbon materials play a crucial role in the modification of LTO. This paper reviews the application of carbon materials for the LTO anode and their research progress in recent years, focusing on the ways and effects of carbon materials on the modification of the electrochemical performance of LTO. The problems in the fabrication and application for the LTO/carbon hybrid materials are addressed. Potential applications of the LTO/carbon hybrid materials are also presented.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structural characteristics and charge/discharge mechanism of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂
3 Modifications of the electrochemical performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ by carbon materials
3.1 Carbon coating on the Li₄Ti₅O₁₂
3.2 Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/carbon composite materials with special structures
3.3 Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/carbon flexible integrated anodes
4 Carbon modification on the gassing of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂-based batteries
5 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

钛酸锂 / 碳材料 / 复合材料 / 锂离子电池 / 碳包覆 / 柔性一体化电极 / 胀气

Key words

lithium titanium oxide / carbon materials / hybrid materials / lithium ion battery / carbon coating / flexible integrated anode / gassing

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石颖, 闻雷, 吴敏杰, 李峰. 碳材料在钛酸锂负极材料中的应用[J]. 化学进展, 2017, 29(1): 149-161 DOI:10.7536/PC161007

Ying Shi, Lei Wen, Minjie Wu, Feng Li. Applications of the Carbon Materials on Lithium Titanium Oxide as Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2017, 29(1): 149-161 DOI:10.7536/PC161007

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