石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)与Bi系复合光催化材料的制备及在环境中的应用

王鹏远; 郭昌胜; 高建峰; 徐建

doi:10.7536/PC161023

化学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2/3) :241-251 DOI: 10.7536/PC161023

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石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)与Bi系复合光催化材料的制备及在环境中的应用

^1,2

^2*

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Preparation of Graphite Phase C₃N₄ and Bismuth Based Composite Photocatalyst and Its Environmental Application

Pengyuan Wang^1,2, Changsheng Guo^2*, Jianfeng Gao¹, Jian Xu²

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摘要

半导体光催化技术可应用于环境中污染物的降解、转化和矿化以及太阳能的转换，是解决环境污染和能源短缺问题的一条有效途径。石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）与Bi系化合物复合材料因具有优异的光催化性能成为新型光催化材料的研究热点。本文论述了目前g-C₃N₄的主要制备方法，g-C₃N₄与Bi系复合材料的种类及其制备过程；同时围绕g-C₃N₄和Bi系复合催化材料在环境净化中的应用，包括对水体中污染物的降解及去除、光致细菌失活和光致水解产氢等，综述了国内外近年来的重要研究进展；以去除水环境中有机污染物为例，详细阐述了水体中有机污染物的光催化降解机理。最后，对g-C₃N₄与Bi系复合光催化材料的开发和应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract

Semiconductor photocatalytic technology has been proved as an effective way to solve the problems of both environmental pollution and energy shortage. It can be applied for the degradation, transformation and mineralization of pollutants in the environment, and for the conversion of solar energy as well. Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) and bismuth based composite materials have become the hot research topic because of their excellent photocatalytic performance. This paper reviews the preparation methods of g-C₃N₄ and its composites with different bismuth compounds. We also reviews the recent advances of the application of g-C₃N₄ and Bi composites in the environmental purification, including the elimination of pollutants in water, the light induced bacterial inactivation, and the photoinduced hydrolysis for hydrogen production. Taking the elimination of organic contaminants in water as an example, this paper elaborate detailedly their mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation. Finally, we prospect the new development and application potential of the g-C₃N₄ and Bi based composite photocatalytic materials in the environmental field.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of g-C₃N₄
2.1 Thermal polymerization method
2.2 Solvothermal synthesis
2.3 Electrochemical deposition
2.4 Solid phase synthesis
3 Preparation of g-C₃N₄ and bismuth based composites
3.1 Preparation of g-C₃N₄/Bi based halide oxides composites
3.2 Preparation of g-C₃N₄ and bismuth metal salts composites
3.3 Preparation of g-C₃N₄ and other bismuth compounds
4 Application of composites in the environment
4.1 Removal of organic pollutants in water environment
4.2 Photocatalytic hydrogen production by water splitting
4.3 Application of composite materials in other areas
5 Reaction mechanisms
6 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

光催化 / 石墨相氮化碳 / 铋系复合材料 / 催化应用 / 机理

Key words

photocatalysis / g-C₃N₄ / bismuth based composites / catalytic application / mechanism

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王鹏远, 郭昌胜, 高建峰, 徐建. 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)与Bi系复合光催化材料的制备及在环境中的应用[J]. 化学进展, 2017, 29(2/3): 241-251 DOI:10.7536/PC161023

Pengyuan Wang, Changsheng Guo, Jianfeng Gao, Jian Xu. Preparation of Graphite Phase C₃N₄ and Bismuth Based Composite Photocatalyst and Its Environmental Application[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2017, 29(2/3): 241-251 DOI:10.7536/PC161023

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