各向异性水凝胶的制备方法及性质研究

何晓燕*; 刘利琴; 王萌; 张彩芸; 张云雷; 王敏慧

doi:10.7536/PC170348

化学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6) :649-658 DOI: 10.7536/PC170348

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各向异性水凝胶的制备方法及性质研究

何晓燕*, 刘利琴, 王萌, 张彩芸, 张云雷, 王敏慧

作者信息 +

The Research of the Anisotropic Hydrogel's Properties and Preparation

Xiaoyan He*, Liqin Liu, Meng Wang, Caiyun Zhang, Yunlei Zhang, Minhui Wang

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摘要

水凝胶与生物体中的许多组织（如肌肉、软骨、角膜和皮肤等）具有相似的结构，同时具有良好的生物相容性，比其他任何人工材料都更接近于活体组织，是人造替代器官的理想材料。然而，相比于生物软组织，通过传统方法合成的高分子水凝胶在分子及宏观水平上都表现出各向同性结构，缺少有序结构，从而限制了水凝胶在各领域的应用。各向异性凝胶的合成在一定程度上可解决这一问题。本文主要综述了各向异性水凝胶的制备方法，并对其各向异性的性能作了分类，对影响各向异性的因素进行了总结，最后，针对当前存在的问题，对将来可能的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract

Hydrogel is cross-linked polymeric network containing more than 90% water. They have been extensively applied in organ reconstruction, soft tissue prosthesis,cell culturing substrate, and controlled drug release. In addition to their good biocompatibility, they share remarkable resemblance to the structures of many living organisms’ tissues, such as muscles, cartilages, corneas and the skin; one key property of hydrogel is that it can be easily integrated with other functional materials to play a synergistic role, which greatly extends the application in many areas. For instance, the hydrogel containing magnetic nanoparticles can take other special effects besides the role of tissue prosthesis in postoperative organ reconstruction after excision of tumor. Thus, they are more suitable for materials of living tissues than any other artificial ones. However, compared with the biological soft tissue, conventional synthetic hydrogels show isotropic structure at the molecular and macroscopic level, lacking ordered structures, which leads to limitations in practical applications. The synthesis of anisotropic hydrogels, to some degree, solves this problem. In this paper, we mainly focus on the preparation methods of anisotropic hydrogels and the classifications of anisotropic properties. The factors influencing the anisotropy are summarized.The existing problems and further research directions are also discussed.

Contents
1 Introduction
2 The property of the anisotropic hydrogel
2.1 Magnetic property of anisotropic hydrogel
2.2 Mechanical property of anisotropic hydrogel
2.3 Optical property of anisotropic hydrogel
2.4 Swelling property of anisotropic hydrogel
3 The preparation of anisotropic hydrogel
3.1 Anisotropic hydrogel synthesized by template method
3.2 Anisotropic hydrogel synthesized by magnetic field
3.3 Anisotropic hydrogel synthesized by self-assembly
4 Conclusion

Graphical abstract

关键词

有序结构 / 各向异性水凝胶 / 制备方法 / 性能

Key words

ordered structures / anisotropic hydrogels / preparation methods / properties

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何晓燕*, 刘利琴, 王萌, 张彩芸, 张云雷, 王敏慧. 各向异性水凝胶的制备方法及性质研究[J]. 化学进展, 2017, 29(6): 649-658 DOI:10.7536/PC170348

Xiaoyan He*, Liqin Liu, Meng Wang, Caiyun Zhang, Yunlei Zhang, Minhui Wang. The Research of the Anisotropic Hydrogel's Properties and Preparation[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2017, 29(6): 649-658 DOI:10.7536/PC170348

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