木质生物质是地球上最丰富的一类生物质资源，主要由碳水化合物高分子（纤维素、半纤维素）和芳族聚合物（木质素）组成。木质纤维组分的清洁高效分离，是实现多元化、高值化生物精炼的重要基础。本文首先讨论了基于分级利用的组分分离技术与基于制备纤维素乙醇的预处理技术的不同之处；其次，梳理归纳了五种木质纤维组分优先分级分离策略：纤维素优先分离，木质素优先分离，半纤维素优先分离，木质素和半纤维素优先分离以及纤维素和半纤维素优先分离；再次，基于半纤维素优先分离策略，对国内相关的产业化应用进行了评述；最后，对木质生物质组分分离技术的当下定位和发展前景进行了总结与展望，以期对木质生物质的三大组分有较全面的价值观念和利用思路，并对木质生物质精炼技术的发展提供借鉴与参考。
Lignocellulosic materials contributing the large proportion to the biomass resource are mainly composed of carbohydrate polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose), and aromatic macromolecules (lignin). Pre-fractionating lignocellulose is considered as the foundational step to establish an economical and sustainable lignocellulosic biorefinery. Firstly, the distinction between lignocellulose fractionation technologies and pretreatment methods for cellulosic ethanol production is discussed. Afterwards, five prior-fractionating strategies of lignocellulose for the biorefinery process are elaborated, including cellulose-first processing, lignin-first processing, hemicellulose-first processing, lignin & hemicellulose-first processing, and cellulose & hemicellulose-first processing. And then industrial applications of hemicellulose-first processing in our country are reviewed. Ultimately, the future perspective on lignocellulose fractionation technologies are given. The aim of this review is to provide new insights into the lignocellulosic biorefinery based on the fractionating of lignocellulose.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 The similarity and difference between lignocellulose pretreatment and fractionation
3 Prior-fractionating strategies of lignocellulose for biorefinery
3.1 Cellulose-first processing
3.2 Lignin-first processing
3.3 Hemicellulose-first processing
3.4 Lignin&hemicellulose-first processing
3.5 Cellulose&hemicellulose-first processing
4 Industrial cases of hemicellulose-first strategy
4.1 Co-production of dissolving pulp and xylitol/furfural
4.2 Co-production of citric acid and xylitol/arabinose
4.3 Co-production of xylooligosaccharide and lignocellulosic ethanol
4.4 Co-production of furfural and ethanol
4.5 Co-production of vehicle fuels and chemicals
5 Conclusion
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