热电材料是一类能够实现热能和电能之间直接相互转化的半导体功能材料，在热电制冷和温差发电等领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前，转换效率低是制约热电材料应用的主要原因，因此，如何提高和优化影响转换效率的热电优值是当前研究的主要问题。Cu2Se基“声子液体”类热电材料是一种利用特殊晶体结构获得极低热导率的新型高性能热电材料，Cu2Se在高温时会发生结构性相变，Cu原子变成可自由迁移的类液态Cu离子，通过强烈散射声子来降低材料的晶格热导率，对Cu2Se的研究大大推动了热电领域的发展。本文围绕“声子液体”类热电材料，分析概括了Cu2Se的性质、晶体结构与应用领域，重点阐述了国内外有关Cu2Se基“声子液体”类热电材料的研究成果、制备方法以及性能优化手段，结合目前的研究状况分析并展望了今后“声子液体”类热电材料的发展方向以及提高性能的策略。
Thermoelectric materials are one kind of functional materials which can directly realize the interconversion of thermal energy and electrical energy and have a promising application prospect in the fields of thermoelectric refrigeration and power generation. Currently, the low conversion efficiency limits the applications of thermoelectric materials. How to improve and optimize the thermoelectric figure of merit becomes very important in the current research. Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials are one new type of high performance thermoelectric materials with extremely low thermal conductivity by their special crystal structure, the researches of which have greatly promoted the development of thermoelectric materials. Cu2Se undergoes a structural phase transition at high temperature, where the Cu atoms become the freely migrating liquid-like Cu ions. This special liquid-like behavior of Cu ions leads to the lower lattice thermal conductivity of materials by strong phonon scattering. In this paper, the Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials are focused on. The basic properties, special crystal structure and applications of Cu2Se are summarized. The research achievements, preparation methods as well as the performance optimization means of Cu2Se-based thermoelectric materials are introduced elaborately. Finally, the future research aspects and new ideas for improving the performance of phonon liquid thermoelectric materials are also analyzed and prospected.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Properties of Cu2Se and Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials
2.1 Properties of Cu2Se
2.2 The concept of Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials
3 Development of Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials
3.1 Preparation methods of Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials
3.2 Performance optimization means of Cu2Se-based phonon liquid thermoelectric materials
4 Conclusion
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