二维钙钛矿作为一种新型光电材料，既具有二维材料的可溶液加工、柔性、可穿戴性以及廉价容易制备等特点，又具备钙钛矿材料结晶度高、载流子迁移率高、激子束缚能低、量子效率高、吸收光谱宽、光吸收系数高和能耗损失低等特性，已经成为材料研究领域的热点而受到广泛关注。本文深入分析了二维钙钛矿材料的组成特点及结构构建规则，探究了其光电特性、能带性质以及非线性光学性质等，对二维钙钛矿光电材料常见的两大类制备方法液相法和气相法进行了归纳，总结了二维钙钛矿材料在太阳能电池、光电探测器、发光二极管、场效应晶体管和激光等光电器件领域的应用现状，最后对该类材料目前存在的主要问题及未来发展前景进行了展望，以期为设计制备高性能二维钙钛矿光电材料提供参考。
Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have become a research hotspot as one kind of high-performance optoelectronic devices, attracting a great deal of attention in recent years due to their unique structures and interesting optoelectronic properties. Besides the solution-processable, fiexible and wearable characteristics similar to the conventional 2D materials, these new 2D materials can be assembled into uniform and fiexible ultrathin films with highly oriented microstructures. Also, they have a long charge carrier diffusion lengths, low binding energy, high quantum yield, high crystallinity, broad absorption spectra, high light absorption coefficients, low rates of non-radiative charge recombination inherited from three dimensional perovskites. In this review, we focus on the composition characteristics, structural formation rules, photoelectric properties and nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional perovskites. Specifically, we classify the preparation methods of two-dimensional perovskites into two main types of the solution method and vapor method. Furthermore, we comprehensively summarize the recent advancements of two-dimensional perovskites in the applications of solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, field effect transistors and lasers.We also discuss the current challenges and future research directions to achieve optimal performance for practical applications in detail to provide applicable suggestions in designing high-performance two dimensional perovskites for advanced optoelectronic devices in the future.Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structure and properties of two-dimensional perovskites
2.1 Structure of two-dimensional perovskites
2.2 Formation rule of two-dimensional perovskites
2.3 Optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional perovskites
2.4 Band gap and nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional perovskites
3 Synthesis of two-dimensional perovskites
3.1 Solution methods
3.2 Vapor methods
4 The applications on optoelectronic devices of two-dimensional perovskites
4.1 Solar cells
4.2 Photodetectors
4.3 Light-emitting diodes
4.4 Field effect transistors
5 Conclusion
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