珠江三角洲是我国经济最为发达的地区之一，也是环境污染问题最为严峻的地区之一。严峻的环境污染问题毫无疑问地将影响地区经济的可持续发展与人体健康。大量的研究表明，多种传统和新型的有机污染物在珠江三角洲各类环境介质、生物体、甚至人体中广泛存在。这些污染物包括多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）、有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂（OPEs）等。系统研究污染物的环境行为及人体暴露风险具有重要的科学和现实意义，可以为政策制定者采取有效的污染物控制措施提供科学数据支持。有机污染物在环境界面（沉积物-水、大气-水及土壤-水）迁移是控制其地球化学行为的重要过程。本文综述了珠江三角洲典型有机污染物的宏观环境行为、微观的环境界面通量测定技术、人体暴露风险三个方面的研究历史及现状，并总结了现有研究的不足，展望了研究趋势。
The Pearl River Delta is one of the most developed but also one of the most polluted regions in China.The severe environmental pollution is undoubtedly going to hinder the sustainable development of regional economy and cause human health risks.A variety of legacy and emerging organic contaminants have been ubiquitously found in various environmental compartments, biota, and human tissues.These include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate esters flame retardants (OPEs) and many others.Comprehensive understanding of the environmental behaviors of organic contaminants and their human exposures is essential for policy makers to carry out effective measures to reduce the contaminants.Inter-compartmental transfer, e.g., sediment-water, air-water and soil-water, of organic contaminants are important geochemical processes governing their environmental behavior.This review aims to summarize the current status of sampling techniques for measuring the inter-compartmental exchange flux of hydrophobic organic chemicals, to summarize the current knowledge on the environmental behavior e.g., atmospheric dry and wet deposition, soil inventory, riverine fluxes, of organic contaminants, and human exposure to typical organic contaminants in the Pearl River Delta region.The limitations of current researches and prospects of future studies on environmental behaviors of organic contaminants and their human exposures are also outlined.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Techniques for measuring the inter-compartmental exchange flux of hydrophobic organic chemicals
2.1 Active sampling techniques
2.2 Passive sampling techniques
3 Environmental behavior of organic contaminants
3.1 Atmospheric dry and wet deposition
3.2 Soil inventory
3.3 Riverine fluxes
3.4 Organic contaminants in coastal and estuarine sediments
4 Human exposure to typical organic contaminants and health risk assessment in the PRD
4.1 Methods to investigate human exposure to contaminants
4.2 Biomonitoring in human exposure assessment to contaminants
4.3 Human exposure to typical organic contaminants in the PRD
4.4 Recent viewpoints in study of human exposure to organic contaminants
5 Conclusion
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