层状双氢氧化物（LDH）是一类由带负电荷的阴离子和带正电荷的金属氢氧化物所构成的层状化合物。将LDH作为前驱体引入聚合物基体中，获得LDH/聚合物纳米复合材料，从而改善或加强聚合物基体的功能性，在许多领域展现出优异性能及巨大的发展潜力。本文对LDH/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法进行介绍，主要包括共混法、插层复合法、原位聚合法、剥离/重组法和层层自组装法等，并对其在阻燃、气体阻隔、红外吸收、缓释和吸附等方向的研究进行综述。最后对该类材料的研究方向和研究领域的发展趋势进行了展望。
Layered double hydroxides(LDH) are a class of ionic lamellar compounds made up of positively charged layered hydroxides with an interlayer region containing charge compensating anions. LDH can be introduced as precursor into polymer matrix to prepare LDH/polymer nanocomposites. The properties of the polymer matrix can be strengthened as the addition of LDH, and nanocomposites have shown excellent performances and development potentials in many fields. In this paper, the preparation methods of LDH/polymer nanocomposites are reviewed, such as blending, intercalation, in-situ, exfoliation/adsorption, layer-by-layer(LBL) assembly. Then the applications of the LDH/polymer nanocomposites are also summarized, such as flame retardant, gas barrier, infrared absorption, controlled release, adsorption. Finally, development trends of research direction and research field of the LDH/polymer nanocomposites are prospected.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Structure and properties of LDH
2.1 Structure of LDH
2.2 Properties of LDH
3 Preparation methods of LDH/polymer nanocomposite
3.1 Blending method
3.2 Intercalation method
3.3 In-situ method
3.4 Exfoliation/adsorption method
3.5 Reconstruction method
3.6 Layer-by-layer(LbL) assembly
3.7 Spin-coating method
4 The applications of LDH/polymer nanocomposite
4.1 Flame retardant material
4.2 Ultraviolet and infrared absorption material
4.3 Biomedical material
4.4 Water treatment material
4.5 Gas barrier material
4.6 Luminescent material
4.7 Energy storage materials
5 Conclusion
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