设计合成可作为碳纳米管片段的共轭芳烃大环近年来吸引了化学家们广泛的研究兴趣，人们希望从这些共轭芳烃大环出发，通过利用“自下而上”的策略合成单壁碳纳米管。需要指出的是，传统制备碳纳米管的方法，如电弧法、化学气相沉积法等，都很难形成均一的单壁碳纳米管。而这种“自下而上”的策略为高效合成尺寸均一的单壁碳纳米管提供了可行的方法，这种合成方法因此成为了当下合成单壁碳纳米管的热点，但也仍是一大挑战。本文从二维碳纳米环、碳纳米带和三维碳纳米笼三个方面概述关于这类共轭芳烃大环研究的新进展，着重介绍了共轭碳纳米环的设计原则和合成方法，并突出介绍了多环芳烃碳纳米环。多环芳烃通常具有优良的光电性质，以其为基元构筑的共轭碳纳米结构不仅可以作为碳纳米管的合成前体，而且其自身也会表现出新的光电性质。
Design and synthesis of conjugated aromatic macrocyclic rings that are directly linked by C—C bonds has been currently attracting wide interests because these aromatic macrocyclic rings can be used for synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes through the "bottom-up" stratety. Conventional methods of preparing carbon nanotubes, such as arc method, chemical vapor deposition method and so on, are difficult to form the uniform single-walled carbon nanotubes. This "bottom-up" synthetic strategy provides a feasible method for the highly efficient synthesis of highly homogeneous single-walled carbon nanotubes. For this reason, the "bottom-up" synthetic strategy has become an on-going hot spot for the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes, although it is still a big challenge. This article summarizes new progress in the design and synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanorings, 2D carbon nanobelts and three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanocages. In particular, this article focuses on the design principle and synthesis methods of 2D carbon nanorings and highlights the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) carbon nanorings. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons usually have excellent photoelectric properties. Thus, the conjugated carbon nanohoops constructed by these PAHs moieties may exhibit new photoelectric properties.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 2D conjugated carbon nanoring
2.1 Cycloparaphenylenes
2.2 Carbon nanoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
3 2D conjugated carbon nanobelts
4 3D conjugated carbon nanocages
5 Properties and applications
6 Conclusion
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