采用静电纺丝法制备的、平均直径通常小于1000 nm的刺激响应性电纺纳米纤维是一种可响应外界刺激而发生物理化学性能改变的智能聚合物纤维，由它形成的纤维膜具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、对外界刺激产生响应速度快等优点，因此在诸多领域显示出诱人的应用前景，是近年来受到国内外高度关注的一种智能纳米材料。本文首先归纳了制备刺激响应性电纺纳米纤维的三种方法。然后从成纤聚合物的合成或选用、纺丝液配制、静电纺丝和后处理4个方面讨论了制备过程中影响纳米纤维尺寸、结构和刺激响应性等性能的主要因素。接下来重点述评了除电场外的其他各种刺激响应性电纺纳米纤维的设计及其构建研究进展，另外介绍了这些刺激响应性电纺纳米纤维膜在分离与纯化、药物控制释放、伤口敷料、细胞培养、传感器与检测等方面的应用研究情况。最后，就它们的未来研究方向进行了展望。
Stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers of less than 1000 nm in diameter are a kind of smart polymer fibers prepared by electrospinning process, which can respond to external stimuli with the change of their physicochemical properties. The nanofibrous membranes consisting of the stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers have the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity and fast stimuli-responsiveness, have attracted worldwide attention in recent years due to their fascinating application prospect within many fields. In this paper, three methods for preparing stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers are firstly summarized. Then, the main factors influencing the size, structure and stimuli-responsive property of the nanofibers are discussed from synthesis or selection of the fiber-forming polymers, preparation of spinning solution, electrospinning and post-treatment. Subsequently, the research progress on the designs and fabrications of all kinds of stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers except electric field responsive nanofiber is reviewed, and their applications in separation and purification, drug controlled release, wound dressing, cell culture, sensor and detection are introduced. Finally, their future research direction is briefly commented.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Preparation methods of stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers
2.1 Synthesis and choice of fiber forming polymer
2.2 Preparation of spinning solution
2.3 Electrospinning process and choice of its conditions
2.4 Post-treatment
3 Design and fabrication of stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.1 Temperature responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.2 pH responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.3 Light responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.4 Magnetic field responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.5 Molecule recognition responsive electrospun nanofibers
3.6 Multiple stimuli responsive electrospun nanofibers
4 Applications of stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers
4.1 Separation and purification
4.2 Controlled drug release
4.3 Wound dressing
4.4 Cell culture
4.5 Sensor and detection
5 Conclusion and outlook
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