锂浆料电池是一种低成本、长寿命、高安全性和易回收的容量型电化学储能技术。与传统锂电池的固定粘接电极不同，锂浆料电池的储锂活性颗粒分布在浆料态的三维导电网络中，具有厚电极和可维护再生的特征。目前制约锂浆料电池应用的关键科学问题主要包括：解析不同浆料电极厚度和配比下电子-离子的混合导电机制，获得低内阻、高能量密度和功率密度的电极浆料；解析活性材料表面及浆料-集流体界面的电化学反应机制与微观结构演化规律，降低界面内阻，稳定界面特性，减少极化和容量损失；解析电池性能衰减及失效机制，优化电池在线维护与回收再生方法等。本文将从锂浆料电池的工作原理与特点、浆料电极的关键材料与混合导电机制、浆料-集流体界面与厚电极设计以及电极浆料的维护再生等方面对锂浆料电池基础关键科学问题的研究进展进行介绍。
Lithium slurry battery (LSB) is a capacity-type electrochemical energy storage technology with the attractive features of low cost, long life, high security and easy recycling. The lithium-storage particles of LSB are dispersed within the 3-dimensional conductive network of the slurry rather than being fixed and bonded in the electrode as prepared in traditional lithium battery. This endues LSB the characteristics of thick electrode and being maintainable to get regeneration. There are some key scientific barriers which limit the application of LSB, including the interpretation of mixed electronic-ionic conductivity mechanisms under different slurry thicknesses and formulations, in order to get an optimized electrode slurry with low internal resistance as well as high energy and power density; the analysis of the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and microstructure evolutions of the surface of active particle and the interface between the slurry and the current collector, in order to decrease the contact resistance, stabilize the interface structure and reduce the polarization and capacity loss; the research of capacity fading mechanism to optimize the online maintenance and recovery methods, etc. In this paper, the working principles and characteristics of LSB, and the research progress on the key materials and mixed conductivity mechanism of electrode slurry, the interface of slurry and current collector for the design of thick electrode, and the regeneration and recycling of electrode slurry are introduced.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Working principles and characteristics of lithium slurry battery
3 Key materials and mixed electronic-ionic conductivity mechanisms of electrode slurry
3.1 Key materials of the electrode slurry
3.2 Mixed electronic-ionic conductivity mechanisms of electrode slurry
4 Slurry-current collector interface and design of thick electrode
4.1 Characteristics of slurry-current collector interface
4.2 Design of thick electrode
5 Online maintenance and recycling of electrode slurry
5.1 Online maintenance of electrode slurry
5.2 Recycling of electrode slurry
6 Conclusion
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