酸功能化离子液体固相催化材料是把酸性离子液体负载到无机载体、有机载体和金属-有机骨架化合物等多种类型的固相材料上，形成一种集酸性离子液体和固相载体性质于一身的新型多相催化材料，具有良好的催化活性，解决了催化剂重复性不好及分离困难等问题，在多种催化过程中发挥重要作用。本文综述了酸功能化离子液体固相催化材料的最新研究进展，重点介绍了基于不同载体的杂化材料的制备方法，及其在烷基化反应、缩醛化反应和酯化反应等多种催化反应中的应用，同时分析了目前应用过程中存在的问题，并对其前景进行了展望。
Acidic ionic liquids hybrid solid catalytic materials are prepared by the immobilization of acidic ionic liquids into inorganic supports, organic supports, metal-organic frameworks and other types of solid materials, which combine the features of acidic ionic liquids with heterogeneous solid supports. These hybrid materials have played an important role in many acid-catalyzed processes, exhibiting not only good catalytic performance but also superior reusabilities. In this review, the latest achievements toward acidic ionic liquids hybrid solid catalytic materials are presented, especially for the preparation methods based on different supports and their catalytic performance in many reactions, such as alkylation, acetalization and esterification. Meanwhile, the existing problems in applications are analyzed, and the development trends and prospects are put forward.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Immobilization of acidic ionic liquids
2.1 Immobilization of acidic ionic liquids into inorganic support
2.2 Immobilization of acidic ionic liquids into organic polymer support
2.3 Immobilization of acidic ionic liquids into organic-inorganic hybrid materials
3 Applications of acidic ionic liquids hybrid solid catalytic materials
3.1 Alkylation reaction
3.2 Acetal reaction
3.3 Esterification and transesterification
3.4 Condensation reaction
3.5 Multicomponent reaction
3.6 Deep oxidation desulfurization
3.7 Cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide
4 Conclusion and outlook
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