自然界中功能与结构相统一的生物材料是人类社会创新的灵感源泉。在众多具有优异性能的生物材料中，具有特殊黏附性能的生物微纳米纤维一直是仿生研究领域的热点之一。生物微纳米纤维黏附现象是自然界中存在的一类奇特的现象，众多具有特殊黏附性质和功能的生物微纳米纤维材料在生物运动、防御和猎物捕获等方面都具有重要的作用。生物微纳米纤维黏附主要包括纤维尖端的黏附和表面的黏附，如壁虎脚刚毛尖端的黏附和蜘蛛丝表面的黏附。研究表明生物微纳米纤维黏附作用主要来源于其特殊的微纳米结构和表面性质。受自然界中具有特殊黏附性能的生物微纳米纤维启发，人们设计和开发了众多性能优异的仿生微纳米纤维黏附材料。微纳米纤维黏附材料在干态粘胶、高效集水和空气过滤等领域都具有重要的应用价值。本文综述了壁虎脚刚毛、蜘蛛丝等生物微纳米纤维的黏附机理及其相应仿生材料的研究进展，并对该领域未来的发展方向作了展望。
Biological materials that are unified in function and structure in the natural world are the inspirations source of innovation for human society. Among the numerous biological materials with excellent performance,biological micro-nano fibers with unique adhesion properties have always been one of the hotspots in the fields of bionics research. The adhesion of biological micro-nano fibers is a peculiar phenomenon in nature. Numerous biological fibrous materials with special adhesion properties and functions play an important role in biological movement, defense, prey capture and other aspects. The adhesion of biological micro-nano fibers mainly includes adhesion on fiber tip, like gecko foot seta tip, and adhesion on fiber surface, like spider silk surface. It is found that such adhesion mainly comes from the special micro-nano structures and surface properties of micro-nano fibers. Inspired by the adhesive biological fibers, many excellent artificial micro-nano fibrous adhesion materials have been designed and developed. Micro-nano fibrous adhesion materials have a wide variety of practical applications in dry adhesive, high efficiency water capturing, air filtration and other fields. In this paper, the recent researches on adhesion mechanism of biological micro-nano fibers and the corresponding bioinspired materials are introduced, with a focus on gecko foot seta and spider silk. Meanwhile, the future development trend of this field is also proposed.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Adhesion on tip of micro-nano fibers
2.1 Micro-nano fibrillar structures of animals adhesion toes
2.2 The hierarchical micro-nano fibrous structures and adhesion mechanisms of gecko foot
2.3 Bioinspired micro-nano fibrous array adhesion materials
3 Adhesion on surface of micro-nano fibers
3.1 Adhesion phenomena and mechanisms on surface of spider silk
3.2 Fabrications and applications of micro-nano fibrous adhesion materials inspired by spider silk
4 Conclusion
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