以顺铂为代表的小分子铂类抗癌药物是临床应用的一线化疗药物，但其严重的毒副作用和难以克服的耐药性限制了铂类药物的临床应用和研发。运用纳米药物递送技术可以实现药物的靶向递送和可控释放，来提高药物的生物利用度，降低药物的毒副作用以及耐药性，为癌症的治疗带来新的希望。此外，丰富多样的纳米递送体系易于实现药物与具有生物学活性试剂的共运输，从而为各种治疗策略以及诊疗策略的联用提供可能，为最终实现癌症的精准治疗展现广阔前景。本文从靶向递药、药物可控释放、联合治疗、诊疗一体化四个方面对铂类抗癌药物的多功能纳米递送体系在癌症治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述，同时通过列举最新研究成果，展示了新材料、新技术以及新颖设计思想在铂基纳米递送体系中的应用。
Platinum-based chemotherapy, especially cisplatin, is the standard first-line treatment for various types of cancer. However, the clinical application and development of platinum drugs have been greatly hampered by their severe adverse effects and inescapable drug resistance. The use of nanodrug delivery technology can effectively achieve targeted and controlled drug delivery and release. Moreover, nanodrug delivery technology can increase the bioavailability of platinum agents, reduce system toxicity and overcome the drug resistance. Therefore, it shows great potential for the treatment of cancer. In addition, the versatile nanocarriers facilitate the co-delivery of multiple agents with different bioactive functions, thereby providing possibilities for the combination therapy or theranostics in a single platform. Hence, nanodrug delivery systems present broad prospects for the precise cancer treatment. This article reviews the recent progress in the applications of multifunctional platinum-based nanodrug delivery systems for cancer therapy, and it consists of four aspects:targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, combination therapy and theranostics. Meanwhile, the applications of new materials, new technologies and novel design ideas in platinum-based nanodrug delivery systems are also presented.
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Targeted drug delivery
2.1 Passive targeting based on EPR effect
2.2 Active targeting
3 Controlled drug release
3.1 pH-sensitive systems
3.2 Reduction-sensitive systems
3.3 Thermo-sensitive systems
3.4 Enzyme-sensitive systems
4 Combination therapy
4.1 Co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agents
4.2 Co-delivery of gene drugs and platinum agents
4.3 Co-delivery of phototherapy reagents and platinum agents
5 Theranostics
5.1 MRI-based theranostics
5.2 Optical imaging-based theranostics
5.3 Multimodal bioimaging-based theranostics
6 Conclusion and outlook
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