天然产物凝胶及其凝胶质
Natural Product Gels and Their Gelators
天然产物是指由生物体次级代谢而产生的天然化合物。由于具有良好的生物相容性以及多种多样的药理活性, 其已被广泛应用于医药、食品、化妆品等领域。近年来, 人们发现了一类具有自组装能力的天然产物, 这些纯天然的化合物在无需修饰的情况下就能通过自组装形成一种软物质——天然产物凝胶(Natural Product Gels, NPG)。不完全等同于目前已知的凝胶(包括合成低分子质量凝胶、合成大分子凝胶和天然大分子凝胶), NPG是由天然小分子化合物(通常来源于中药)形成的超分子凝胶, 这使得NPG自身具有了良好的生物活性及对外界刺激的响应性以及具有构筑生物医药材料和刺激响应材料的内在优势。此外, 对于不同自组装NPG的生物活性改变的研究可以揭示天然产物的自组装对生物活性的影响。鉴于NPG所具有的这些特殊优势, 因此, 对其研究以及开发是具有重要的理论以及实际意义的。本文对NPG及其凝胶质的获得方法、种类、形成以及应用等方面进行了介绍, 试图让人们了解这一新兴的、跨学科的研究领域。
Natural products refer to the natural compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of the organism. Due to their good biocompatibility and various pharmacological activities, natural products are widely used in the fields of medicine, food, cosmetics, etc. Recently, some natural products with self-assembly capabilities have been discovered to form soft materials, natural product gels(NPG). Not exactly the same as the currently well-known gels(including synthetic low molecular mass gels, synthetic macromolecular gels, and natural macromolecular gels), NPG are natural(generally derived from traditional Chinese medicine) supramolecular gels. This makes NPG have good biological activity and responsiveness to external stimuli. Therefore, NPG have some inherent advantages in constructing biomedical materials and stimuli-responsive materials. In addition, studies of changes in the biological activity of different self-assembled NPGs can reveal the effects of self-assembly of natural products on biological activity. As such, the research and development of NPG is of great value. Here, we introduce the preparation, types, formation and application of NPG and their gelators, in an attempt to make people understand this emerging interdisciplinary research field.
天然产物凝胶 / 自组装 / 软物质 / 凝胶形成 / 应用
natural product gels / self-assembly / soft matter / gel formation / application
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国家自然科学基金项目(No.31571798)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31972040)
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