硼纳米结构的理论和实验研究
Theoretical and Experimental Research of Boron Nanostructures
硼元素,作为第三主族中唯一非金属元素,其原子具有特殊的缺电子性质,因而产生了复杂的键合机制。从硼原子之间的双中心-双电子键到平衡体系电子分布的多中心双电子键,硼因此具有多种同素异形体。低维硼纳米结构材料具有不同于体相的独特结构及特殊性质,相关理论和实验研究已成为近年来的研究热点。本文从理论和实验两个方面,系统介绍了零维硼团簇到一维硼纳米管、硼纳米线及二维硼纳米结构的相关研究,主要针对其结构、性质与潜在应用进行综述。目前,仍需系统化探索其制备及稳定等相关问题,力求揭示其固有属性,以发挥硼基纳米结构材料在未来纳米器件和能源催化方面的重要应用。
Boron, the only non-metallic element in the third main group, has special electron-deficient properties, which results in a complex bonding mechanism. It has both the normal two-center-two-electron bonds and the multi-center-two-electron bonds for keeping balance of the electron distribution of the system, which makes it have a wide variety of allotropes. In contrast to the bulk counterparts, low-dimensional boron nanostructures have unique structures and special properties, so they have attracted extensive interests in recent years. In this paper, we systematically introduce the theoretical and experimental progress on zero-dimensional boron clusters, one-dimensional boron nanotubes/nanowires and two-dimensional boron nanostructures. The structure, properties and potential applications of the boron nanostructures have been summarized and discussed. Although, there are still great challenges in the controllable preparation and stability of the nanostructures, they will be expected to have exceptionally inherent properties to make them play an important role in the future nano-devices and electrochemical catalysis.
borophene / nanoclusters / nanotubes / nanowires / two-dimensional material
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国家自然科学基金项目(61474063)
国家自然科学基金项目(61774085)
江苏省六大人才高峰项目(XCL-046)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(NE2017101)
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程
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