对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成
The Total Synthesis of ent-Kaurane Diterpenoids
对映-贝壳衫烷类二萜是陆生植物二萜中种类最为繁多、分子结构和生物活性最为多样的一类天然产物。近年来研究表明,该家族的一些成员具有抗菌和抗肿瘤等活性。这类四环二萜分子可通过分子内环化、氧化断裂和降解重排等方式,转化为复杂的分子骨架。这些天然产物重要的生理活性与多变的骨架结构引起了国内外合成化学家的浓厚兴趣,已经成为全合成研究的又一类热门分子。本文总结了2014年以来国内外学者关于对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成报道,根据这类分子的不同结构类型分别进行阐述。
The ent-kaurane diterpenoids, widely distributed in terrestrial plants, represent an important group of tetracyclic diterpenes with diverse scaffolds and varied bioactivities. More and more studies have revealed that these compounds possess potent antitumor, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The tetracyclic ent-kaurane diterpenoids have attractive structural diversity owing to intramolecular cyclization, oxidative cleavage and rearrangements of their parent compounds. As a result, the total synthesis of ent-kaurane diterpenoids has received great attention from synthetic community during the past decades. This review describes the recent progress in this field, which includes total synthesis of C-20 non-oxygenated ent-kauranes such as(+)-lungshengenin D and pharicins A-C; total synthesis of C-20 oxygenated ent-kauranes such as maoecrystal P, eriocalyxin B, neolaxiflorin L and xerophilusin I; total synthesis of seco-ent-kauranes such as sculpomeatin N, trichorabdal A, maoecrystal Z, enmein, isodocarpin, sculponin R, londirabdiol, longirabdolactone and effusin; and total synthesis of nor or rearranged-ent-kauranes such as jungermannenones B and C, maoecrystal V, jungermatrobrunin A and kauradienone.
diterpenoids / ent-kaurane / total synthesis
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